Stainless steel material is a material that has superior properties, namely good resistance to corrosion. This makes use of a very large and varied, one of the uses in the automotive field, stainless steel is used as a component of fuel pumps. Stainless steel can experience corrosion if all or part of the protective layer is damaged, damage occurs because the liquid or strong acid solution is delivered by HCl. Corrosion testing uses the immersion method, the immersion solution used is a solution of gasoline / premium fuel bioethanol 20%, 50%, 85% and 100% (pure bioethanol fuel without gasoline / premium fuel). The immersion test was carried out for 10 weeks at room temperature. The study aims (1) to know the form of corrosion (2) identify corrosion products, (3) determine the corrosion resistance of materials based on corrosion rates, (4) determine the effect of percentage bioethanol on corrosion rates

This paper investigates the behavior of teaching community towards saving and investment in Mekele, Tigray, Ethiopia. Hence, a teacher competency determines the quality of education affected by numer associated with saving, consumption, and investment. First from sample respondents of collages, high school and elementary school

The purpose of this study was to determine consumer behavior towards purchases on social commerce in Indonesia. Research is quantitative using theories from previous studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Multiple Linear Regression. The data was collected using an online questionnaire on a sample of users who had made transactions and accessed social commerce as many as 161 people.

This study aims to minimize the grinding cost of internal cylindrical grinding of stainless steel 316 using optimal exchanged grinding wheel diameter. The relationships of the grinding cost, the exchanged grinding wheel diameter and the grinding process parameters are calculated by mathematical functions. The influences of ten grinding process parameters including the initial grinding wheel diameter, the width of grinding wheel, the total depth of dressing cut, the tolerance grade, the grinding wheel life, the radial grinding wheel wear per dress, the machine tool hourly rate, the wages including overhead cost, the grinding wheel cost, and the ratio of workpiece length per workpiece diameter on the exchanged grinding wheel diameter have been investigated. Based on 128 sets of the grinding parameters, the optimum exchanged grinding wheel diameter related to the minimal grinding cost have been determined as a function of the grinding parameters. This developed relation can be further applied for cylindrical internal grinding to reduce the grinding cost

The natural fiber reinforced composites are emerging as a potential replacement to synthetic fiber composite for lowering down the cost of applications and they are used in interior of automobile, chassis of cellular phone, building construction, etc. Drilling operation is the most important machining process for assembly of different components. Delamination phenomenon occurs during drilling operation on composites which lay-down the structural reliability of component. The present work focused to carry out experimental studies of thrust force and delamination on drilling of unidirectional hemp fiber reinforced composite. The drilling was carried out by varying tool geometry (end mill, Centre drill, parabolic drill), feed rate (0.07, 0.17, 0.27 mm/rev) and spindle speed (800, 2800, 4800 rpm). Digital image analysis was used to determine the delamination factor. ANOVA has been used to determine the contribution of factors. Multivariable regression analysis has been also used to determine empirical model between parameters

The sol-gel route is a simple chemical m through bonding of atoms at the scale of 10 fabrication of oxides of metals chemically. chemical & optical are enhanced that, the relative surface area of the with the bulk material. Controlling the annealing temperature would result in various micro structures for the compound being produced. acid solution was formed by stirring minutes and subsequently annealed at 400°C. particles decreased along with increase of the silica content in the mixture

The achievement of the National Education Goals must be accompanied by an increase in the components that influence education. Based on the results of research conducted in Tabanan District, it was found that the leadership of principal greatly influenced the achievement motivation of Hindu teachers. Motivation can be defined as need, drive, and goal. Teacher achievement motivation is identified in three definitions, namely: (a) teacher achievement motivation describes an energy force that drives / causes someone to do certain ways; (b) teacher achievement motivation as an encouragement that leads to something, namely teacher achievement motivation that has a strong goal; and (c) teacher achievement motivation services to support the power of teacher achievement motivation at all times. That is, teacher achievement motivation consists of three basic components, namely (1) activating behavior, (2) directing behavior, and (3) maintaining behavior. Achievement motivation is a driving force in improving performance. Teacher achievement motivation is a driving factor that comes from external and from internal that will affect the way he acts and behaves. One of the motivations from external comes from the leadership. The principal leadership is oriented towards human relations, namely the leadership style can improve teachers’ achievement motivation in realizing a quality school. Leaders are subjects who must transform leadership through giving guidance or advice to subordinates so that the goals are achieved. Transformational leadership can support the realization of a change of school system. The principal carried out the leadership task by applying the Hindu leadership style namely sad warnaning rajaniti / sad sasana, in influencing the performance of the teacher as a subordinate cannot be separated from catur kotamaning nrpati, namely jnana wisesa sudha, kaprahitaning praja, kawiryan, wibawa and typology of leadership namely asuri sampat and daiwi sampat. Similarly, the transformational leadership style is always coupled with transactional leadership. Both Hindu and modern leadership styles can be combined in increasing achievement motivation regarding teacher needs, namely the need for achievement, affiliation, and power, so that school goals and National Education Goals can be realized

Now a days, manufacturing sector recruits & retains multi-generational Workforce which consists of employees from five different generations. It is always a great challenge for organizations to lead a Multi-Generational Workforce (Zero-G – 5G) to achieve their goals & objectives in a competitive era. The growth and development of manufacturing sector depends on the effective management of multi-generational workforce. Manufacturing sector consists of Multi-generational workforce who are different in culture, thought, attitude & perception. It is always a great challenge for the organizations to make goal congruence & bring collaboration among generations. As each generation is unique according to its generational cohort, they act differently on the basis of their ideology & priority. Such organizations face problems while integrating the diversified ideology as senior employees give priority to job security & satisfaction whereas youngsters are satisfied with handsome salary & incentives for which they are ready to change their organizations. Similarly reward & motivational factors make them unique on the basis of their cohort. For example, Traditionalist, the silent generation is motivated by intrinsic reward whereas Baby boomers opt for both challenging task as well as top positions. Similarly, Gen-X prefers balanced work -life whereas Gen-Y, the tech savvy generation is motivated by work from home & knowledge sharing along with dignity. Finally Gen-Z the 5G who are more advanced in technology are motivated by heavy perks & instant rewards. It is an attempt to study & focus on basic factors influencing multi-generational workforce in manufacturing sector - what challenges manufacturing sector is facing while dealing with multi-generational workforce & strategies with the help of which the workforce will attain its goals & gain competitive advantage.

The search for alternative fuels in last few decades is intensive due to the rapid depletion of petroleum fuels and their ever increasing costs. There is a great need to reduce the consumption of conventional fuels in both developed and developing countries. The consumption and demand of the petroleum based fuels is increasing every year due to the increased industrialization and innovation in the world. The aim of the present experimental work is to evaluate the impact of various compression ratio using blends of diesel fuel with 20% concentration of Methyl Ester of Jatropha biodiesel blended with bio additive and the blends of diesel fuel with 20% concentration of methyl ester of mahua biodiesel blended with bio additive as an alternate fuel. The experiment is carried out with three different compression ratios in DI diesel engine. Biodiesel is extracted from Jatropha oil and mahua oil, 20% (B20) concentration with 3ml bio additive is found to be the best blend ratio from the earlier experimental study. 3ml of biodiesel B20MEOJBA and 3ml of B20MEOMBA is tested with compression ratio of 17.5. The purpose of the experimental study is to obtain better efficiency, minimum specific fuel consumption, and lower smoke and lesser emission. This is done by increasing cetane number using combustion additives of 3ml bio additive blends with biodiesel when compared with the baseline diesel.

The study focuses on investigation of mesh convergence test for two-dimensional disk rim of high-pressure turbine using energy norm as an alternate approach. Numerical methods solve the real-time complex problems, represented by partial differential equations using discretization of time and space variables. The criterion for finite element method to obtain a converged solution to the problem and arrive at accurate results from simulations is optimized input data. However, all discrete methods introduce discretization error into the solution. The increase in the number of nodes, i.e mesh density reduces the error induced leading to the converged solution. The mesh density is increased in iterations, the trend related to convergence of solution, and error induced are observed. The study used CATIA® and ANSYS® for modelling and analysis, and the results obtained showed the effective use of energy norm technique being used as criterion for evaluation and testing to obtain a converged solution. The normalized error percentage was observed to be in the range of 6 to 8% for converged solution.

Motivation is the corner stone of productivity in any organisation. Motivation helps the employees to put in better efforts in achieving the tasks assigned to them. Motivation may also alter the behavior of employees in the organisation affecting the productivity drastically. Motivated employees may work in the efficient and effective manner thereby increasing the productivity and quality of work in the automotive companies. The commitment shown by the employees depends on how organizations consider the factors of motivation offered to the employees. The poorly motivated employees may even end-up in creating loss to the organizations. The reward that the employees get in the process of achieving the goal or task matters very much to the productivity of work in the organizations. There are a number of factors which are responsible for the productivity of mechanical engineers in the automotive parts manufacturing companies. The common motivating factors of employees would be salary, working environment, safety, job security and reward. There are much more motivating factors which the employees consider as vital to increase the productivity in the organizations. Even though it is really difficult and also practically impossible to identify what really motivates employees but to some extent the motivating factors can be figured-out for the benefit of the employees and also for the organizations. The study attempts to identify the factors which are really responsible in motivating the mechanical engineers in the production plant of the automotive parts manufacturing companies located in and around Chennai.

Maize Cob has been used for silica production but no research had been reported on the optimization of maize husk for silica production. This study is aimed at developing an approach for the optimization of silica production from Maize Husk (MH) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The MH was analyzed for crude fiber (CF), crude protein (CP) and ash constituents using standard method. The MH (30kg) was run using Box Behnken Design to determine the experimental combinations of the predictor variables: Temperature (400-700 ºC), Time (2-6 h) and MH (5-7 g). Optimal process variables predicted were validated by confirmatory experiments. The silica produced was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The CF, CP and ash content were 1.52, 10 and 1.5 % respectively. The optimal values of the variables from the RSM, namely: temperature, time and MH were 528 ºC, 5.31 hr and 5.85g. There was no significant difference between the values obtained from RSM and that of the validation. FTIR showed noticeable absorption peaks attributed to O-Si-O stretching. It can be concluded that maize husk which is an agricultural waste is a viable product for silica production

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blended with acrylonitrile-butadiene styrene (ABS) and natural biodegradable tapioca cassava starch powder (NBTCSP) the weight ratios on the properties of blends, the blends films were prepared by using a twin-screw extruder and semi-automatic compression molding machine. The mechanical and morphological properties of samples were investigated by tensile test, flexural, compressive , impact test and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively.it was found that the tensile strength of PLA/ABS (45/45/ wt %) blend composite was about 31.50 MPa the in the absence of natural biodegradable tapioca cassava starch (NBTCSP), and it increased to 28.66 –32.90 MPa in presence of natural biodegradable tapioca cassava starch powder (NBTCSP) at 10 wt% .The flexural value of PLA/ABS (45/45/ wt %) blend composite was about 31.50 MPa the in the absence of natural biodegradable tapioca cassava starch Powder (NBTCSP), and it increased to 28.66 –32.90 MPa in presence of natural biodegradable tapioca cassava starch powder (NBTCSP) at 10 wt% . The SEM images showed good interface and distribution for PLA containing 47.5 wt% ABS, 5 wt% (NBTCSP) and 45 wt% ABS 10 wt% (NBTCSP)

Indonesia has ocean potential energy as a renewable energy source, since around 2/3 of the area consists of water. On the other hand, Indonesian people also work as fishermen. Seawater battery is one of renewable energ It is applied in a sailing boat especially for cooling system when fishermen sail for long time to cool some fish until they arrive in the land and are ready to sell. The salinity is the most important thing to generate pow of it always changes in every location, so the power would be fluctuating. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed for tracking the maximum power point of seawater battery. The result shows that PSO succeed to track point in spite of the changes of seawater salinity

The developing of the composite materials produce a new generations Functionally graded material (FGM) where the materials characteristics are changing linearly depending to the composition materials variations. However, this piece of research presents an attemp to design, manufacturing and multi Ti/TiO2 combined characterization into each functionally graded materials. The supposed in this design is to better the general Ti/TiO2 characteristics. These materials were designed in order to contain a compositional differences or a gradually microstructure within the body in one piece or single material.

Welding is aneffective permanent metal joining processes among all other processes in manufacturing. In welding, a thermal cycle is applied to the weldment. Where welding temperature differs across the material which results in irreversible elastic-plastic deformation and itinduces the residual stresses in and around the welded and heat affected zone (HAZ). Presence of residual stresses may be beneficial or harmful based on the magnitude available along the thickness of the weldment. Here hole-drilling method is adapted to measure residual stresses on the fusion zone of weldment as it suits well

This paper deal with the application of optimization principle in solving the problem of over-allocation and under-allocation of the classroom space using linear programming in Landmark University, Nigeria. A linear programming model was formulated based on the data obtained from the examination and lecture timetable committee on the classroom facilities, capacities and the number of students per programme in all the three (3) Colleges to maximize the usage of the available classroom space and minimizes the congestion and overcrowding in a particular lecture room using AMPL software which revealed that 16 out of 32 classrooms available with a seating capacity of 2066 has always been used to accommodate the current student population of 2522 which always causes overflow and congestion in those concentrated classroom because the remaining 16 classroom of the seating capacity of 805 were underutilized. Meanwhile if the projected seating capacity of 3544 as revealed by the AMPL software in all these 32 classroom were fully utilized, this indicated that an additional 1022 i.e.(3544-2522) students can be fully absorbed comfortably with the existing 32 classrooms in both of the three (3) colleges if the seating capacities are fully managed and maximized. This will helps the school management to generate additional income of N 585,606,000.00 i.e. (1022 × 573,000) as school fees using the same classroom facility and as well as the existing seating capacity

Cash continues to grow and remains in intensive use around the globe – to such an extent that most economies define themselves as high to very high in cash intensity. As a result, large quantities of unfit banknotes accumulate and are destroyed. In response to inquiries from Central Banks, Currency Research has performed a study on best practices in the handling and processing of banknote waste. A questionnaire was distributed to one hundred and ten Central Banks. The responses given by fiftyone banks were analyzed and follow-up discussions with banks and suppliers of banknote products and services were conducted. Consumers must be at least provided with re-issuable notes. The notes identified for disposal were shredded and made into briquettes weighing about 100 Gms. The present system has not only prevented environmental pollution but also helped in manufacturing of eco friendly products. Until 2001, the soiled and torn currency notes that were taken back were incinerated. The briquettes are sold for industrial use through tenders. A kg of such briquettes are sold for a minimum of Rs.6. On an average, nearly 8.28 lakh kg briquettes are manufactured every year. The shredded currency is recycled into various products, including files, calendars and even paper weights. Such briquettes are also distributed as souvenirs to the visitors at the stalls of RBI in exhibitions. More people must come forward to make eco friendly products using shredded currency

Stepped or non-prismatic beams are widely used in many engineering applications and the calculation of their natural frequency is one of the most important problem. Several methods were used to calculate the natural frequency of stepped beam. In this work, the Rayleigh methods (Classical and Modified) and finite element method using ANSYS software were used for calculating the natural frequency of Hollow stepped cantilever beam with circular and square cross section area. The comparison between the results of natural frequency and frequency ratio due to the increasing the length of the small part for these types of beams and for these three methods were made. The agreement between ANSYS the classical Rayleigh results was better than the agreement between ANSYS the Modified Rayleigh results for the two types of cross section area. The maximum error of MRM was greater than that of CRM and the maximum error of circular C.S.A. Was greater than that of square C.S.A. At the same dimensions. The natural frequency of circular C.S.A was smaller than that of square C.S.A. for the same dimensions

The two-phase flow through vertical transparent pipe is investigated experimentally. The experimental rig designed to achieve the measurements of pressure drop for various combinations of phases, flow pattern regimes such as bubbly, slug and annular, with various range of water and air volumetric high speed camera . The air volumetric ranged from 8.3334 L/min to 25 l/min, while the water volumetric ranged from 5 l/min to 20 l/min and of 50 mm internal diameter along 1 m length. The measured of the pressure will be done using four pressure sensors along test pipe. The measured pressure values were used for different air volumetric and different water volumetric. It has been found that the measuring of pressure gradient through the distance of rig pipe are inversely changed with air volumetric. In addition, it has been analyzed the flow pattern through obstruction, it has showed one phase flow, bubbly and slug flow.

This paper empirically investigates the influence of functional clues as a strategy of customer experience management on context of higher education in Nigeria. The basic purpose of examine if the application of marketing strategies can be applied by higher institutions in order to satisfy their student and turn them to advocate of their brands/service. To achieve this objective, a total of 215 copies of the question engineering student of a private university adjudged to be the best in stage sampling techniques were employed in this study. Regression CATREG analysis, the study found that functional clues influence on engineering student study therefore recommended among other things that the university management should adopt customer experience management as a strategy to build studen and also concentrate their efforts on the improvement of functional clues by focusing more on the development of the competences of their lecturers and implement the strategy in order to gain repeat patronage of their students for further studies

Aluminum alloy 2024 is widely used in frame of aircraft. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) used recently as a reinforcement material for 2024 aluminum alloy. In this research 2024-1.5%CNTs hybrid composite was prepared by traditional casting. Titanium (Ti) was added in (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8%) to 2024-1.5%CNTs composite. The chemical composition was investigated by optical emission spectroscopy (SPECTROMA). Scanning electron microscope and light optical microscope were used for microstructure examination. EDS used for evaluation of phases and intermetallic compounds. The microscopic examination showed that the grain size decreased with increasing Ti content in presence of CNTs and the microstructure be more regular with increasing Ti content. The EDS results that intermetallic compounds and phases precipitated at the grain boundaries and near grain boundaries.

Endoscopy is a non-surgical procedure used to examine a human digestive tract.An endoscope is a long,thin,flexible tube with a camera attached at the end with which a doctor can see the images of digestive tract on the monitor.It is used both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and needs trained professionals

A shock absorber is a mechanical device designed to reduce the amplitude of damp shock impulse, and dissipate kinetic energy which helps in improved ride quality, and increase in comfort. Substantially reduced amplitude of disturbances that effected while travelling over rough ground. The aim of the current work is to analyse by considering load acting on the single shock absorber spring. Structural analysis is done to validate the strength while load acting on the spring. Comparison is done analytically for different materials, diameter of wires and number of coils to get the design of spring in shock absorber. The experimental results are compared with virtual results. From this work the design of the spring can be modified within standards.

At present, generation Y represents the most population in the world and their acceptance either as consumers, users or clients plays a significant and important role in making the business world doomed or brighter. Therefore, their behaviour plays the most important role in ensuring e-commerce does well and making the online business industry grow tremendously. Yet, little is known about the intention among generation Y with regards to e-commerce. This study aims to identify the online fraud and trust towards the technology influencing the intention to use e-commerce among generation Y. A total of one hundred and twenty respondents of generation Y were recruited in this study through convenience sampling at Kota Bharu city. This quantitative study using survey as a method of data collection and a questionnaire was distributed to the respondents to fill. The respondents were asked for consent before proceeding with the survey, in order to ensure that the ethical consideration was taken into account while conducting the study. Data were analysed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that trust and online fraud had a positive and significant relationship with consumer intention, and they were significantly affecting the intention of generation Y. This study would suggest that the online business companies and e-commerce technologies should consider focusing on these variables in the development and implementation of a strategy to attract and retain buyers in the future

Traction effort required to move the working part of an experienced cultivatorfertilizer in the soil depends on many factors. These include friction coefficients of the soil, weight and humidity. In this article we arebconduct a theoretical research, the purpose of which is to establish a relationship between the physicomechanical properties, parameters of the under development working part and the technological parameters of its work.

The aim of this paper is to determine the diagonalization of the
? (=* T, ) is the tensor produ of the group T, by itself

The HAWTs are existed in different sizes and they used in a different requirements depending on the applications HAWT in scale of 1:6.5 of original model was presented. The scale model of HAWT and a suitable diffuser as a shroud for its, were fabricated and experimented in wind tunnel in two forms, bare were conducted using a new method to power calculation at a different wind velocities ranged 5 - 9 m/s with focusing on a two wind speeds, 7 m/s and 8 m tests in terms of power coefficient an increasing in the power coefficient of the shrouded HAWT model 1.52 compare to the bare model one. On another hand, the experiments results were validated with CFD simulation results for all cases Moreover, CFD provided a clear visualization for the flow across wind turbine

Smart city is an internationally booming phenomenon. The concept of City” is been used widely across contexts. A smart city has to be well outlined services, a good environment of the citizens of the nation of any nation. It is extremely essential for administration of India to offer well informed urban communities in different states as a piece of financial advancement. In view of the escalated investigation of exhibit writing surveys from different healing territories, we recognize eight basic components of shrewd city activity: "administration and association, innovation, administration, arrangement setting, individuals and networks, economy, manufactured framework, and common habitat". The basic role of this examination up a major opportunity of the brilliant city transport even in the wake of being the cleanest city. The examination depends on optional gathered from different newspaper articles, investigation, the investigator in getting a "Smart City" tag

It is known that traditional sources of energy negatively affects the health and state of the environment. The consumption of fossil fuels in all elements of life leads to the export of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere contributing to global warming. Thus, the use of wind energy to generate energy is a practical alternative between all renewable sources. This paper presents the parameters effect of the blade shape and the overlap ratio on the performance efficiency of the elliptical Savonius wind turbine. A new model of Savonius blade has been designed by changing the inner surface of the concave blade with overlap ratio of (0.2). The new model is printed using 3D-printer technology for experimental testing in the wind tunnel at different wind speeds of (6 m/s, 8 m/s, and 10 m/s). We then calculate the mechanical torque of the turbine using a new and cheap method in a short time to recode results data using the computer. Experimental results showed an increasing performance efficiency and an increase in power coefficient by (18 %) of the new design compared to the classical turbine Savonius type elliptical

With augmented vehicle quantities during latest period have effected into immense claim through vestige energy. These have lead with expansion of vehicle via substitute energy that comprises gaseous energy, bio energy and vegetables oils as stimulate. Power through hydrogen becomes the prime prospects which wrap the upcoming stipulate of remnant energy scarcity. Hydrogen as a key substitute energy becomes a substitution through usual energy. With notable possessions, alike elevated flare rapidity, elevated calorific value stimulates usage of hydrogen energy like twin fuel manner in diesel engine. Present study investigates the overall performance and emissions of diesel engine fuelled through CNSL and hydrogen as dual fuel. The fuels have been tested under stationary, one cylinder, water chilled diesel engine. Here the hydrogen is added with B20 (20% CNSL and 80% diesel) fuel for different flow rate namely 4lpm, 8lpm and 12lpm. Engine test results showed that exhaust emissions are reduced and performance are improved by adding hydrogen fuel. The results showed that the addition of 8lpm H2 with B20 decreased the HC and CO emission compared to B20 and neat diesel fuel. The BTE and NOx increased for the above dual fuel mode. The NOx and exhaust gas temperature are increased for 8lpm H2 addition with B20 fuel.

Today, majority of the farmers are dependent on agriculture for their survival. But majority of the agricultural tools and practices are outdated and it yields less crop products, because everything is depends on environment and Government support. The world population is becoming more comparatively cultivation land and crop yield. It is essential for the world to increase the yielding of the crop by adopting information technology and communication plays a vital role in smart farming. The objective of this research paper to present tools and best practices for understanding the role of information and communication technologies in agriculture sector, motivate and make the illiterate farmers to understand the best insights given by the big data analytics using machine learning.

The article reveals the concept of blockchain as a chain of blocks, distributed database, distributed registry technology, where there is no centralized regulator that could dispose of the blockchain at its own discretion, substantiates the need for the transition to modern technologies; features of blockchain technology that reduce energy and time costs for information processing; problems of transition to digital media in educational institutions,; blockchain technologies that require changes in management, management methods, financial management, specific people, infrastructure development. The current situation with the first experiments of using the new blockchain technology for the education system is considered. The risk analysis method of blockchain technology in education and the mechanism of its application are presented. Several directions of education development based on blockchain technology are offered

Lately, the application of lean has been applied in service companies with the same objectives, namely the elimination of waste and increased efficiency of all resources. As the global economy grows and develops, they are committed to achieving improvements like that. The current economic indications are marked by budget cuts and cost reduction but are still able to produce a good business performance. This paper, we will explore waste that occurs along the value stream; especially in the public sector, more specifically in industrial sports.

The egg shell powder used as a reinforcing material in composite materials because of their good mechanical properties and environmentally friendly. research, some experiments were carried out to the specimens properties such as tensile strength, elongation flexural strength and water absorption. Polymer composite was fabricated by hand lay up to with (4, 8, 12 and 16) w was found that the maximum values of mechanical properties

In the digital world, data is that the heart of computer communication and world economy to make sure the safety for this data it is desired secure transmission of confidential data that gets an excellent deal of attention. Therefore; it’s necessary to use effective methods to reinforce information security. Many strategies are coming up to shield the information from going to unauthorized person. Steganography and cryptography are 2 completely different mechanisms for information security. The main purpose in cryptography is to create message idea unintelligible, whereas steganography aims to hide secret message. Digital-pictures are wonderful carriers of hidden information. Combining these two methods is a topic of high relevance since secure communication is inevitable for mankind. In this paper, a method for protection data was proposed comprises a hybridization between cryptography and steganography. In the proposed approach particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) was used in both methods(encryption and steganography).The PSO algorithm was used in key generation process for data encryption and in generating hidden locations for data hiding. Also, the Least Significant Bit (LSB)was utilized to add the encrypted data into LSB of the cover and the PSO was utilized to specify the location of hiding data. The data will be encrypted by using stream cipher method. The image will be transmitted and received through the internet and the extraction process would be exactly reveres for hidden process. Experimental results illustrate that the visual, and therefore applying mathematics values of the image with encrypted information before the insertion represented as the same as the values after the insertion so that the reduction in the possibility of the confidential-message to be detected and allows secret communication. The effectiveness of the projected technique has been calculable by computing 5 statistical tests, 16 NIST tests for the generated key andencryption algorithm respectively; also, the steganography statistical tests such as Mean square error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Average Difference (AD), Maximum Difference (MD), Normalized Cross-correlation (NC), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Normalized Absolute Error (NAE), Structural Content (SC), Signal-To-Noise Ratio(SNR), Similarity Measure (SIM) and Unified average changing intensity Measure (UACI) are computed

This paper attempts to classify various possible reasons for customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction, especially focusing on Product Design. Taking an example of Automotive Industry. It further deep dives to understand customer expectations and how to ensure those elements are captured in the early design stage itself. It also suggests a method to fine-tune the current development model, to be proactive in securing customer satisfaction after the product is launched

The Indian subcontinent is known for its population and at present is one of the countries having maximum number of youngsters. This also indicates an increase in old age population. Meeting the needs of the old age has also been a matter of challenge to the government. Both public sector and private sector, financial and non-financial organization concentrate on pension planning. In recent days the importance given to pension planning is increasing. Though there are schemes that promises old age security, the effectiveness of such schemes is not evident. This paper focuses on study of effectiveness of pension schemes opted by selected retired employees of private manufacturing sector. The main objectives of the study is to understand the behavior of pension fund and possible deviation from the expected behavior. The sample where selected from retired employees of private manufacturing sectors in Mysore district. The data was collected through scheduled questionnaire and telephone interview.

Experiments were conducted on jute fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites to optimize the content of fiber in the composite. It was found to be 40wt%. In the present study, effects of hybridizing glass fibers and carbon in the optimized jute fiber reinforced PP composite have been studied. The properties such as tensile, flexural and impact with respect to randomly oriented jute, glass and carbon fiber variations in the PP matrix are considered. Jute, glass and carbon fibers reinforced PP matrix composites with different fiber contents were prepared by injection molding. Matrix content is kept as 60wt%. The hybridization of the fibers considered by weight fraction for jute and glass is 20:20, for jute and carbon is 20:20 and jute, glass and carbon is 20:10:10. Results showed that tensile, flexural and impact properties have been improved with glass fiber hybridization and further improvement in these properties are observed with carbon fiber hybridization. When glass and carbon fibers are added in 10:10 weight percentage the considered mechanical properties have been found to be nearer to the composite with 20 wt% of carbon.

The effect of Al2O3 nanoparticles on the performance of heat pump to improve its operational efficiency was presented in this theoretical and experimental study. In the experimental work the heat pump charged with R600a inclusive with 0.06 % vol. of Al2O3 and used as a nanorefrigerant. Three different nanoparticles size 20nm, 40 nm and 50 nm of Al2O3 have been used for the preparation of nanolubricant in the present study. The theoretical approach includes simulations modeling the heat pump components such as compressor, evaporator, condenser and an expansion valve by computer of the heat pump system by using commercial MATLAB. The results showed that the addition of nanoparticles to the refrigerant will improve its characteristics of refrigeration system heat transfer and thermal properties. Also, it showed that the using nanorefrigerant in refrigeration system will work normally at all conditions employed in this work. The experimental results found that the heat pump coefficient of performance increased by 19.1%, but the power consumption reduced by 21.8 % when using a mineral oil with 20 nm nanoparticles size of Al2O3 instead of the conventional mineral oil only. Finally, the refrigeration effect increased and work of compressor decreased by using a small nanoparticles size of Al2O3

In this work, effect of welding electrode, welding current and corrosion media on corrosion behaviour of three kinds of stainless steel (AISI 304, AISI 316 and AISI 410) was investigated. Welding was performed by manual metal arc welding process using three types of welding electrode (E308L, E316L and E310). Corrosion behaviour of the welded joints was examined in two chloride mediums (3.5%NaCl and 3.5%KCl). The results showed that welding electrodes E316L and E310, which contain Mo and Ni respectively, increase corrosion resistance in of the weldment. The increment in heat input by increasing welding current caused reduction in corrosion resistance by facilitating carbon diffusion and formation of chromium carbides in the weld area. It was also found that corrosion rate of 3.5% NaCl was more aggressive than 3.5% KCl

Production of light-weight porous ceramic media from metakaolin and waste glass powder with sodium silicate as foaming agent in batch1 and without sodium silicate in batch 2 was investigated. Different weight percentages of yeast (0.1-0.5) as pore forming agent have been added to both batches. All samples were formulated by wet milled, dried, shaped and fired at 700°C for batch 1and at 850°C for batch 2. Chemical and mineralogical analysis, identification and calculation of crystalline to amorphous ratio phases by XRD, microstructure and mechanical and physical properties were investigated to specify the resulting porous article. The predominant closed porosity is found in batch 1 whereas open pores are prevalent in batch 2. The size of pores ranges from 3.794mm to 58µm in batch No. 1 and from 67.5 µm to 1.6 µm in batch No. 2 (millimeter to sub-micron) with approximately spherical shape were found in both batches.

This paper aims to address the effect of entrepreneurial orientation dimension variables on the perceived business success in small scale manufacturing enterprises in the text of less developing countries by taking one regional province of Ethiopia that is Amhara regional state. In this study, the explanatory research design was employed that is inclined towards a quantitative approach. Data were gathered from primary sources through a standardized questionnaire from small scale manufacturing enterprises working in the Amhara region. A blend of multi-stage sampling techniques was employed to choose appropriate samples and binary logistic regression analysis was applied for the purpose of data analysis. The study result showed that all five entrepreneurial orientation dimensions (autonomy, innovativeness, pro-activeness, competitive aggressiveness, and risk taking) variables were significant in predicting the odds of perceived business success. However, among those strongest predictors, only three of them (Risk Taking, Pro-activeness, and Competitive Aggressiveness) have the positive impact on the dependent variable, whereas the remaining two variables (Innovation and Autonomy) have a negative impact on the perceived business success of small scale enterprise.

In this paper, the natural convection heat transfer in a cubic enclosure provided with inclined baffles attached to the two adiabatic sides, heated from the bottom is studied experimentally and numerically to assess the effect of the baffles on the heat transfer process inside the enclosure. Two different configurations have been considered. The first configuration corresponds to the heated from the bottom with uniform heat flux using two baffles attached to the left and right walls, while the second configuration corresponding that the enclosure’s floor has parallel bands that are heated to a constant, high temperature and the bands are separated by gaps that are kept at a lower temperature that is also constant and single baffle attached to the left wall. In both cases, the top wall is kept at a lower temperature than the bottom wall and the inclined baffles are well covered with an insulating material. The inclination angles of the baffles range as (0o = and = 150o ). The governing parameter, Rayleigh number, is fixed within 2.6x1011. In numerical solution, a commercial software package has been used for a 2-D computation, and the effect of turbulence is modelled by using (k-e) model. Depending on its orientation, the partial baffle has been found to change significantly the flow field which in turn causes a reduction to the heat exchange inside the enclosure due to the damping caused to the flow field. For all cases, the insulated baffle with any inclination angle caused a reduction to the heat exchange inside the enclosure due to the damping caused to the flow field. Also, a good agreement has been obtained between experimental measurements and numerical results.

Communication is something that is in the need of every people in the world, and as the customers to the telecommunication industries are expecting a good service from the corresponding company. This matter is what drive the telecommunication industries to upgrade their ser-vices to accommodate the orders of the customers. Thus, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) with the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) is the solution for the problem, because it is able to be flexible and follows the ever changing business process and needs of the customers. With the micro services, the system will be able to be modified partly on what needs to be added or fixed, it does not require the service to be re-built from scratch. The implementation of the new system based on ESB is a new approach that can be considered for ordering system, the implementation in this case is able to meet the management’s expectation of success rate

The number theory is a branch of mathematics which is primarily dedicated to the study of integers. The number theory, as such, is less applied in engineering compared to calculus, geometry, etc. The problem was that it could not be used directly in any application. But, the number theory, combined with the computational power of modern computers, gives interesting solutions to real-life problems. It has many uses in various fields such as cryptography, computing, numerical analysis and so on. Here, we focus on the applications of the number theory about engineering challenges.

Bioactive glass-ceramics used as a replacement material for bone tissues because of its bioactivity, compatibility, and abilities to form a crystallized hydroxyapatite (HA) bonding layer which has a similarity in composition and structure to the inorganic component of bones mineral phase. The major objectives of this research is estimating the effects of using MgO as an additive on the property of bioactive glass ceramic in 45SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 6 P2O5, (24.5-x)CaO, X MgO where X= 0,1,3 and 5 wt.%. Bioactive glass ceramic was made by traditional glasses melting techniques at 1200°C for 2hr. Compressed sample sintered at (850)°C, the X-ray diffraction test confirmed the formations of (Na2CaSi3O8) and (Na2Ca2Si3O9) phases in the structure of pure bioglass-ceramic and with (1wt.%) MgO, while (Na2CaSiO4) and CaMg(SiO3)2 phases were present in the structure of bioglass-ceramic with (3wt.%)MgO, and CaMg(SiO3)2 phase in the structure of bioglass-ceramic with (5wt.%) MgO. Results of mechanical and physical studies showed that increasing (MgO wt.%) in glass structure led to improving the bending strength, compressive strength, microhardness, and density associating with decreasing in porosity. FTIR confirmed the formations of the Si-O-Mg bond. The biological test was done by immersion the sample in (SBF) simulated body fluid for (21 days). XRD, SEM and pH tests revealed that appetite layers made on the samples surface, giving an evidence of their bioactivity. As general the results of the present study demonstrate that partial replacements of CaO by MgO in 45S5 glass ceramic improve the mechanical properties without altering the bioactivity suggesting that glass ceramic was suitable for the biomedical applications

In this paper, joining of aluminum alloy 6061 as annealed and austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L was carried out by furnace brazing at (620 and under protection of argon gas. Lap joints of AA 6061/AISI 304L were investigated with AlSi12, and AlSi10Cu4 filler alloys in form of paste using different brazing times (5, 10, 15, and 20 min). The optimum shear strength of the joint reached to (3.36 KN) at (10 min) using AlSi12 filler alloy. While, the maximum shear strength of the joint with AlSi10Cu4 filler alloy reached to (2.59 KN) at (15 min). In addition, microhardness of the interfacial layer of the joint with filler AlSi10Cu4 was higher than the microhardness value of the interfacial layer of the joint with AlSi12 filler alloy at the same brazing conditions. For each filler, at brazing time (5 min), lap joints were weak with minimum shear strength. Finally, the corrosion behavior of brazing joints in 3.5% NaCl was studied to evaluate the rate of corrosion for brazing joints. The minimum corrosion rate is achieved (0.005209mpy) (1.68 by (10 min) using AlSi12 filler alloy. Grey relational analysis (GRA) based on Taguchi method was applied using two factors, brazing time (T) and filler type (F) with four levels. The results showed that the variation of brazing time is the most affective parameter on the shear force, corrosion rate, and microhardness of the interfacial reaction layer. While, the type of filler alloy is slightly affective on the output response. In addition, these results manifested that the Taguchi based grey relational approach improves the properties of the output response of the joined AA 6061 and AISI 304L.

Two-dimensional laminar incompressible flow governing equation is solved numerically to gain insight into flow separation and recirculation of flow processes in an L-shape lid driven cavity. Stream function vorticity formulation of Navier equation is solved with clustered grids on physical domain. The hydrodynamic study is carried out for different Reynolds number. It is found that at Re center becomes independent of Reynolds number. Velocity contours are presented for different Reynolds number. The wall vorticity is sensitive in the upstream of the moving lid. The skin friction coefficient is less affected at deeper cavity location

This paper attempts to show that, activated by adding different loading levels of zinc oxide (ZnO). to mix and distribute the elements of the rubber compound. MV rheometer employed to determine the properties of th 6 min. The curing process carried out using the hot press at a temperature of 180°C and pressure of 10 bars. Results show that the addition hundred parts of rubber (phr) scorch time ,curing time with particularly at 2 and 4 phr modulus of elasticity at 300% elongation, hardness and compressio phr represent the best loading level of the ZnO, which had more effect on the aging and mechanical properties. especially when the retention percentage

In this work, the influence of reinforcements on the mechanical properties of epoxy composites was studied and compared. Reinforcements, like titanium oxide (TiO2), Yttrium oxide (Y2O3), and fiber glass, were added with different volume fraction (2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20) % of the epoxy resin. Different mechanical tests are achieved to evaluate mechanical properties of composite such as; tensile, compression, hardness and impact test. The results revealed that, maximum tensile and yield strength were obtained at (5%) volume fraction of TiO2, which increase the tensile strength (34.7%) and yield strength (40.1%) as compare with other reinforcements", while in compression test, (10%) volume fraction of fiber glass increase compression strength (14.48%) and yield strength (15%) as compared with other reinforcements. Higher hardness number was found at TiO2 which increase about (48%) as compare with epoxy composite. Impact strength was observed to be decreased by increasing volume fraction ratio up to (10%) for all reinforcements.

Polymers are presently broadly utilized as substitute material for steel gear in low load devices. Its malfunction differs from gears made of steel, thus it is imperitive to sort out the failures shown by polymer gears. Numerous earlier studies noted that wear recognition, microstructure surface condition monitoring, weight loss and temperature detection can be used in the analysis for the failure of polymer gear. The principle objective of the current work is to conduct an analysis for failure detection methods as defined above. Other researcher works were studied and their findings were extracted in order to identify the methods they used. The most common method used was wear detection and it was supplemented by other methods such as microstructure surface condition monitoring. Failures shown by polymer can be concluded to be tooth breakage, tooth deformation, material removal and surface fatigue.

Medication turnaround time is the time it takes for the pharmacy to process a medication order. Reducing medication turnaround time is important to ensure timely availability of the drugs to the patient. Objective: This study measures the turnaround time for online indents of pharmacy reaching the patient wards and the factor affecting the turnaround time to take remedial actions to improve the turnaround time. Methodology :A Prospective observational study in the in-Patient Pharmacy Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital Results : delay in turnaround time was captured , factors affecting the delay was lack of sequencing in order, IT system errors , long breaks during peak hours , frequent enquiry calls , staff efficiency , lack of space were the factors affecting turnaround time

Twitter, has fast emerged as one of the most powerful social media sites which can sway opinions. Sentiment or opinion analysis has of late emerged one of the most researched and talked about subject in Natural Language Processing (NLP), thanks mainly to sites like Twitter. In the past, sentiment analysis models using Twitter data have been built to predict sales performance, rank products and merchants, public opinion polls, predict election results, political standpoints, predict box-office revenues for movies and even predict the stock market. This study proposes a general frame in R programming language to act as a gateway for the analysis of the tweets that portray emotions in a short and concentrated format. The target tweets include brief emotion descriptions and words that are not used with a proper format or grammatical structure. Majority of the work constituted in Turkish includes the data scope and the aim of preparing a data-set. There is no concrete and usable work done on Turkish Tweet sentiment analysis as a software client/web application. This study is a starting point on building up the next steps. The aim is to compare five different common machine learning methods (support vector machines, random forests, boosting, maximum entropy, and artificial neural networks) to classify Twitters sentiments.

In present era, the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to gain momentum rapidly. The Internet of Things has enormous applications in healthcare Industry from remote monitoring to smart sensor enabled medical device integration. IoT ensures many benefits in healthcare and has potential to improvement of patient outcomes, data management and security in hospital, quality treatment and more. IoT technology has huge impact on Healthcare to transform patient care and improve physician service efficiency. The present study has focused the applications and technologies of IoT in healthcare care sector and how far it benefits to healthcare stake holders

Technology has reshaped the way we interact with the world and access information with the advent of smartphones. Accordingly, the needs we have and the solutions for our needs have also changed along with the evolving technology. One of the most affected matters from technology is communication. With the various options and capabilities, instant messaging applications have been started to use for communication purpose which is one of the biggest needs of human being. We can send text messages, video messages, voice recordings and share locations using these applications. Even further, we no longer need cell phone calls by GSM operators, and instead prefer these applications for instant calls, as well as sharing private information with these applications, not only for personal daily life, also for business need. On the other hand, these applications bring risks with many benefits. One of them is privacy. We do not want that these applications can store our personal data as its user. How do our best practices keep our data? Do they give the necessary attention for privacy? Another fact is that these applications can be used by criminals to communicate and execute a secret plan. If a criminal gets caught, what can be obtained as evidence from these messaging applications? This time we need to know what can be extracted from the mobile device. This research focuses on forensics analysis of the instant messaging applications on the Android platform.

The present work particularly aims at assessment of performance in exhaust emissions of linseed oil with diesel fuel in single cy Due to higher viscosity levels and slight lower calorific value of the Linseed oil it can be used with or without diesel blends from the living organisms, plant co2 via photosynthesis by producing polysaccharides, such as cellulose and hemicellulose because they are extracted from the plant polysaccharides, co2 doe exceed with the use of biofuels (combusted), which refers to the concept of carbon neutrality. The results of the experiment showed that the performance of the engine on linseed oil was slightly inferior to that on diesel fuel. The thermal efficiency engine was lower and the brake specific energy consumption of the engine was higher when the engine was fuelled with linseed oil compared to diesel fuel. The oxides of nitrogen from during the whole range of experiment were lower than diesel fuel. carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon from the fuel was found higher than diesel fuel during the whole experimental range

Three-dimensional (3D) printer is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) device that creates 3D objects. The principle of 3D printing involves a digital model which is turned into a solid 3D physical object by adding the material layer by layer. The objective of this study is to determine the optimum combination of a 3D printing machine parameter setting, such as printing temperature, speed and resolution, to produce the highest flexural strength. Taguchi Method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were applied to get the best process parameter combination and to identify the most affective parameter on the flexural strength. The result from this study demonstrated that the optimum setting for the 3D printer (Vagler V-821) machine had printing temperature of 240 °C, printing speed of 30 mm/s and printing resolution of 250 µm. The result from the Taguchi Method and ANOVA concluded the most effective effect on the flexural strength was printing speed, followed by printing resolution and printing temperature.

Many faces are exposed to degradation, discoloration, changes in humidity. The primary objective has improved some properties of that used for restoring of esthetic. In the present research different lengths chopped and continuous high molecular weight polyeth percentage (0.0, 0.2% and 0.2% Pomegranate Peels Powder (PPP)) for developing the properties of silicone rubber used for the maxillofacial prosthesis applications. physical properties were done on the all prepared samples properties have improved when added 0.5% ratio of continuous UHMWPE fiber to polymer blend nanocomposite (95%SR /5%PMMA: 0.2% Pomegranate Peels Powder (PPP)) sample and this represent composite sample. Therefore, properties required for the applications of maxillofacial prosthetics

Entrepreneurship education is considered a vital tool for nurturing talents and redirecting the energy of young people for profitable engagement and economic growth. This study investigated the perception of students on entrepreneurship education as it relates to the emergence of E-start-ups in Nigeria. The study used quantitative method based on survey approach for the collection of data. A total of 306 copies of questionnaire were administered to 200-500 level students in a Nigerian university. This study used simple random sample under the probability sampling technique for the selection of the respondent. Hence, each member of the population was given equal chance of being chosen from the population in no particular order. The criteria for the selection is 200-500 students of various colleges (College of Business, Social Sciences, Engineering, Science Technology and others) in Nigeriaoffering courses on entrepreneurship programme. There are total of 306 respondents for this study. Regression analysis was used to analyse the stated hypotheses through statistical package for social science. The result of the analysis revealed that entrepreneurship education has significant impact on the emergence of e-start-ups. Based on the findings, it was recommended that university system should reform curriculum contents to better facilitate creation of e-start-ups

In this present generation, individuals are highly sophisticated in their life standard as it is directly determined by their individuals and family income. Pool of earnings in a family take them to next level life style. Copy and comparison are the two important C’s which influence the individuals to lead their life in comfort t zone. In the last two decades people are totally isolating to prefer public transport. Heavy traffic penetrates the individuals to frustrate, in turn it leads to attract to buy their own vehicles. A competitive corporate culture encourages them by launching new modern two and four wheeler with different amenities at competitive price. Financial institutions are also supporting them to buy vehicles at easiest instalments. At last, these proportionately increase more automobile products. These automobile industries directly contribute the GDP to our nation. The recent GST also encourages the buying habit of automobile products. These positive tax regime definitely develop the automobile sector to the reasonable extent. This research paper has made an attempt to undergo the tax implications of automobile products with reference to TATA motors. The study conducted based on the reliable facts from the company site and financial reports for the period for 4 years from 2014 to 2018. Observation method also applied to perceive the users, retailers and Dealers preference about the GST implement about automobile sector

This study suggests a new travel recommendation system (NTRS) that was developed to generate alternative travel destinations for customers. The proposed approach employs hybrid data mining methods on NTRS by combining classification and clustering algorithms. NTRS can be used for different travel data resources to find the best prediction model to generate accurate recommendations. NTRS was tested by using real travel data which contains flight and hotel bookings. Before applying data mining algorithms, data set was cleansed, grouped and preprocessed. Then classification techniques; ANFIS, RBFN and Naïve Bayes were combined with X-means and Fuzzy Cmeans clustering algorithms to find the best prediction model for proposing alternative trips via NTRS. To identify the most suitable prediction model; recall, specificity, precision, correctness, and RMSE scores were benchmarked and the best one was dynamically selected. According to the testing scenario results, ANFIS and X-means combination scored the finest RMSE and correctness values. Based on the proposed approach’s algorithm, travel locations including trip durations and airline companies were generated as recommendation output of the testing scenario. Generated recommendation items can be used for providing suggestions for individuals or it can be used by travel agencies for planning travel campaigns for target traveler groups. NTRS proves that it can be executed for different data sets with hybrid data mining methods.

This research focuses on the analysis of factors affecting the market share of retailers in Vietnam. This research uses the 5Ss model of e-marketing to analyze, including Sell, Serve, and Speak, Save, Sizzle. Both methods of quantitative and qualitative will be used to conduct the study. In this study, the researchers collected information of customers, managers, directors in 25 retailers in Vietnam. In each retailer, the researcher delivered survey questionnaire to 15 people who are customers, managers and directors. The total number of survey questionnaires delivered is 375 and 360 survey questionnaires were collected. Research results showed that Cronbach’s Alpha of 05 factors affecting the market share of the retailers is Sizzle (0.885), save (0.779), Sell (0.757), and Serve (0.709) and Speak (0.708). This research has proposed some implications for the market share of retailers, including technology enhancement for full message delivered, approaching to target customers, improvement of product diversity.

The dressing regime parameters in the process of grinding are the most important enabling factors that need to be determined. In this study, the influences of the dressing parameters including the depth of dressing cut, the rate of dressing feed and the speed of grinding wheel on the surface roughness when grinding tablet shape punches by CBN wheel on CNC milling machine are investigated. Taguchi technique and analysis of variance (ANOVA) have been applied to identify the impact of dressing regime parameters on the surface roughness. The results show that the impact level of the cutting depth (aed), the wheel speed (RPM), the feed rate (Fe) and errors on surface roughness (Ra) are 52.63%, 28.45%, 6.59% and 12.33% respectively. By analyzing the experimental results, optimum dressing parameters with the cutting depth of 0.02 mm, the wheel speed of 1000 rpm and the infeed rate of 400 mm/min have been determined, that allow to get the best surface roughness.

The use of fossil fuels is unsustainable due to limited supply and also due to large emissions of Carbon dioxide due to the effect of global warming. Biofuel is a viable option but can, as produced today; only provide a limited amount of fuels needed. Biofuels are presently derived from terrestrial plants, which require large amounts of arable land. Biofuels from microalgae on the other hand do not necessarily require arable land and can theoretically replace fossil fuels absolutely. Biofuels from microalgae could use industry waste water as growth medium particularly paper industry waste water is an interesting potential provider due to its high nitrogen and phosphorus in waste water. In this research work marine microalgae Nannochloropsis Salina was cultivated using f/2 medium using modified air lift photo-bioreactor along with the paper industry effluent waste water, The doubling time calculated from optical density attained at 48 hrs the cell count almost doubled during this period. Since the marine species is sensitive to pH we need to maintain the pH at 7 below 7indicated the decreased biomass levels in culture. The lipid extraction was studied using solvent methods. The functional compounds in lipids FAME were studied using GC-MS analysis, the Nannochloropsis salina showed qualities of growing in fresh water and brackish water apart from the marine water which is a desirable characteristic for algal phycoremediation

The rapid increase in the occurrence of road accidents in Nigeria requires the deployment of real time techniques that is equipped to reduce one of the critical factor that have been identified by the Federal Road Safety cooperation of Nigeria (FRSC) that constitute the major cause of road accidents which is over speeding. This was achieved through the design and implementation of real time vehicle speed monitoring system using cellular signal along the travelled path. A data acquisition device was developed to capture in real time the signal strength and geospatial data (longitude and latitude) along the travel path which is used in determining the speed of the moving vehicle. The acquired data was correlated with data obtained from standardize equipment to establish the integrity of the data, the data was then used to develop the algorithm by obtaining equation for the path-loss gain in terms of signal strength against distance. Equation for the base stations covering a distance of 10km were obtained for analysis. Consequently from the equation, the distance from two locations along the route can be determined from corresponding signal strength values, the average speed results for the drive test, new Model and using Latitude and Longitude are compared as followed 88.05km/hr, 75.67km/hr and 88.2km/hr respectively. With this a new paradigm shift in vehicular speed management is developed based on Cellular signals for real time vehicular speed determination

This study is based on the different implementation of Physical Fitness Exercise in several elementary schools of Padang. During their morning routine exercise, the State-Owned Elementary School Number 20 Alang Lawas practice the Physical Fitness Exercise 2012, while the State-Owned Elementary School Number 34 Seberang Palinggam practice the Physical Fitness Exercise 2008. The objective of this research is to find out which version of the Physical Fitness Exercise is more effective in increasing the physical fitness of the elementary students in Padang Selatan District, Padang. This study is Ex Post Facto research. The research population was the female students of the 4 th, 5th and 6 th graders of the State-Owned Elementary School Number 20 Alang Lawas and the State-Owned Elementary School Number 34 Seberang Palinggam, City of Padang. The study usesthe sampling technique of the cluster random sampling and employs 106 students as the sample, which consists of 52 students of the State-Owned Elementary School Number 20 Alang Lawas and 54 students of the State-Owned Elementary School Number 34 Seberang Palinggam. Data were analyzed with a statistical analysis of a t-test. From the data I found based on the results of my research, that Physical Fitness Exercise 2012 is better to be used in elementary schools, than using Physical Fitness Exercise 2008. The study found that the Physical Fitness Exercise 2012 has more effective effects in improving the physical fitness of the students compared to the Physical Fitness Exercise 2008. Based on the hypothesis test, it showed that the physical fitness level of the students at the State-Owned Elementary School Number 20 Alang Lawas was classified as moderate with an average score of 16.5, while the physical fitness level ofthe students of the State-Owned Elementary School Number 34 Seberang Palinggam was also classified as moderate but with an average score of 14.42

This research was aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of drying moisture and cyanide contents of cassava chips using oven drying process. Five varieties of raw cassava (Manihot Esculenta, Crantz) namely TMS 98/0510, TME 419, TMS 97/2205, NR 87184 and TMS 96/1632 were harvested at twelve (12) months after planting (MAP) from the experimental plots of the Enugu State College of Agriculture and Agro-Entrepreneurship Iwollo-Ezeagu Enugu, Nigeria. For each of the varieties 2kg of tubers were processed. The results from the research showed that processing of the cassava tubers into dried cassava chips using oven process resulted in an acceptable level of moisture and cyanide contents which were in conformity withthe compositional requirements for dried cassava chips. The graph showed that higher the temperature, the faster the rate of drying of the chips. Moreover, the drying rates, moisture and cyanide contents were affected by the drying temperatures.

Richardson (2006) defined ED crowding as patient occupancy at, or greater than, the 75th percentile for a given time period. the day into six 4-hour intervals. For for the ED was calculated. If the ED was over 75% occupied, it was considered crowded for the corresponding time interval. Other researchers have based their conceptual definition on the Crowding Resources Task Force of 2002 which states that crowding is a “situation in which the identified need for emergency services outstrips available resources in the ED”.2 According to the Task Force, this situation occurs when the number of ED patients outnumbers the st period.3

The project proposes the enhancement of security system for secret data communication through video file using adaptive data hiding with cryptographic technique. A given input video file is converted into frame sequences and then Encrypted the video using Chaos Encryption algorithm. And one of frame will be selected to conceal the secret data for secured data communication. The proposed technique also uses RC7 Encryption for encrypting a secret text data into cipher text to avoid data hacking issues. After data encryption, the data hider will conceal the secret encrypted data into the selected frame using adaptive LSB embedding algorithm. Although encryption achieves certain security effects, they make the secret messages unreadable and unnatural or meaningless. These unnatural messages usually attract some unintended observers’ attention. The data hiding technique uses the adaptive LSB replacement algorithm for concealing the secret message bits into the image. In the data extraction module, the secret data will be extracted by using relevant key for choosing the pixel coefficients and it will be decrypted to get original data using encryption key. Finally the performance of this proposal in data encryption and hiding will be analysed based on image and data recovery.

Metal injection moulding has been recogni parts with high complexity. In this study, an experimental run was carried out to identify the influence of injections parameters investigated are injection temperature, injection pressure and mould temperature. Experimental tests were conducted on water atomi vol% powder. Multi-component binder consisting PEG, PMMA and strearic acid used. The standardise tensile injections parameters. Injection moulding was carried out at temperatures and pressures of 140–160°C and 550 exhibit pseudo-plastic behaviour. The experimental results showed that the flashing and binder separations are the major defects. These defects are caused by the high injection temperature and high injection pressu defects such as distortions and cracking were observed. From the surface defects point of view, the injection temperature of 150 °C, and injection pressure of 550 bars moulding

Fluoride is a typical component of natural waters and its concentration varies depending on the water resource. Water may be contaminated by natural sources like more alkaline ions (CO3 2-+HCO3 ->10.4 meq/l water) reacts with halite which comes from industrial effluents. This is ensuing in fluoride concentrations up to 12.7 mg F– /l where ground level of water is low. WHO standards and BIS: 105000, 1991 permit only 0.5-1.5 mg/dl as the upper permissible limit for fluoride in drinking water for the Indian context. Fluoride in excess of the permissible limits in drinking water causes a number of endemic conditions referred to collectively as “fluorosis”. This paper explores the sorptive answer of a recently developed adsorbent, Activated alumina finely grinded with coconut shell powder. The efficiency of the sorption of fluoride ion is affected by pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, type and size of adsorbents. The adsorption equilibrium is well correlated by Freundlich and Langmuir models

This study aims at experimental investigation on the effect of mixing of Al2O3 microparticles in water fluid on the heat transfer enhancement. The experiment was done in a 3 channel 1-1 pass corrugated plate heat exchanger. The plates had sinusoidal wavy surfaces with corrugation angle of 45°. Hot water at different inlet temperature ranging from 40°C to 70°C was made to flow through central channel to get cooled by water in outer channels. Experiment was measured in parallel and counter flow arrangement. The variations of hot fluid outlet temperature and effectiveness of heat exchanger were measured with rise of inlet hot fluid temperature. The required properties of the Al2O3 water mixture were measured at different concentration of Al2O3 microparticles from 0.0% to 1.275% by volume. It is observed that with volume percentage of Al2O3 increases in the cold fluid the effectiveness of heat exchanger increases substantially. The addition of Al2O3 microparticles in cooing water increases the effectiveness of heat exchanger by 0.88 in parallel flow and by 0.96 in counter flow

The CO2 laser cutting is very popular for sheet metal fabrication industries because of very accurately cutting of assembly components. So that this work concentrate about to CO2 laser cutting of austenite type stainless steel material, the Laser beam power, Cutting speed and gas pressure are very significant cutting parameter for to cut quality surface. In this work to optimize the CO2 laser cutting parameter for to cutting of Austenite stainless steel material for 3mm thickness the responses are Top kerf width and bottom kerf width are considered, Grey relay analysis method used in this work for to find out the optimized parameters for CO2 laser cutting. The output of the result laser beam power are predominate parameters to affect the quality of cut

This work presents the experimental results of gasification of char derived from pyrolysis of Pongamia deoiled cake at maximum oil condition. Experiments are conducted in fluidized bed reactor using air as the gasifying agent. The gasification temperature and equivalence ratio (ER) were varied as per the designed experiment using central composite design to study the influence on the composition of the product gas. The lower heating value (LHV), Gas yield (GY), carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) and cold gas efficiency (CGE) were calculated from the data of the composition of the gas. The experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 600-800 °C, equivalence ratio of 0.26-0.36. Regression equations were proposed as a function of temperature and ER for H2, CO, CH4 and CO2 in the range of experimental conditions. The results showed that at a temperature of 800 °C and ER of 0.35, maximum cold gas efficiency of 52.04% was achieved. The optimum input parameters were identified for maximum gasification efficiency. The product gas with highest LHV, 5 MJ/Nm3 was obtained at 600 °C temperature, 0.26 ER. The product gas obtained through gasification of this kind of char can be used as fuel for syngas engines, for power generation and process heat applications.

Idealized solid propellant is models is analysed for thick sphere subjected to internal pressure, whose casing is made of composite materials,. Results obtained from present elements are compared with analytical results and 8 noded counterpart of MARC. Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) is developed based on casting method where solid propellant grains are cast into a composite or metallic casing. Generally, SRMs are exposed to extreme loading scenarios during storage, transportation, and firing, leading to cracks in the solid propellants. In this paper, Computational Finite Element Analysis is performed with developed 8 node quadrilateral, 9 node quadrilateral and 6 node triangular elements using Herrmann formulation to analyze stress and strain variations in the mid segments of the typical SRM subjected to pressure loading. The obtained results are compared with commercially available Finite element software.

On account of cutting gadget holder preoccupation, cutting force affects the dimensional precision. The troublesome of equipment holder redirection is attempted routinely in a course of action of building surface things, and to accomplish this point uninvolved strategy can be utilized. In this unassuming work, a refreshed hypothetical momentous cutting force appear for end getting ready is open, utilizing confined part approach. The model be committed to variable data sources, pick the kind of the end procedure holder, in the event that it is straight or discontinuous. The cutting parameters are given for getting a perfect preparing instrument redirection dispersing and rehash an area examination. The expansion results demonstrate that the instrument evading impacts the dimensional precision of the completed part. The essential structures of pulled back technique for distraction mask of mechanical frameworks are quickly exhibited. It depends upon the hypothesis of dynamic redirection. For handling forces and gadget holder redirection, two sorts of instability show yields are shown identifying with cutting force parameters.

The study aims to explore the problems and difficulties of students speaking English language for Engineering students hailing from rural background. The study moreover aims to explore the causes of such difficulties. The researcher designed certain tasks based on Task based language teaching on the sample of the study. These tasks are applied for each student to investigate speaking difficulties and the causes of such difficulties. The results showed and indicated that there are some difficulties in speaking English due to fear of making mistakes, anxiety, shyness and lack of confidence. The researcher identified to provide environment support and encourage the students to speak English frequently.

Motorised Wheelchair plays a pivotal role in the social life of Persons with disability (PwD) or elderly. Indian Motorised Wheelchair users scuffle to identify right Ergonomic Motorised Wheelchair because there are only very few designs developed by Ergonomic approach. The paper describes the methods to design an Ergonomic Motorised wheelchair and analyzes the design with Human Digital Models(HDM). Authors also demonstrate analyses of user comfort and some Ergonomic design methods. The analysis of user comfort while in the design stage using a Manikin by applying Indian Anthropometric Data makes the wheelchair a better fit for the Indian users. Thus, the design of user-friendly wheelchairs by HDM Ergonomic analysis. Authors also discuss RULA analysis of Motorised Wheelchair with 5th, 50th and 95th percentile HDM. The paper also estimates Indian Anthropometric Dimensions on HDM for Motorised Wheelchair. The paper also presents some design innovations on the footrest

Smog triggered due to air pollutants and fog. Deep Learning techniques are applied to predict the smog severity. This paper presents deep learning based predictive model for various air pollutants (NO2, NOx, CO, SO2, O3, PM2.5, PM10) for metropolitan area Air pollution dataset. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is monitoring air, water, waste, etc through nationwide programs. Through National Air Quality Monitoring program, the primary and secondary air pollutants are captured and available in online. In this paper, two traditional predictive models along with deep learning technique Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) are used for predicting the air pollutants. Before training the model, the missing values and noise in dataset were imputed using mean value. Then, the models are built with LR, ARIMA, and LSTM. Finally, the models performance is measured using Mean Absolute Error and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). LSTM performed better than LR and ARIMA.

This paper describes the evaluation on numerical confusion over ternary regular finite equations about methods

In this paper we have analyzed the stress distribution over a rectangular specimen with hybrid composite material at its central hole. Using Vacuum bag technique the material has been fabricated and it consists of carbon and glass fiber with epoxy. The cross ply lamina arrangement with alternate carbon and glass has increased the strength of the structure. This is because carbon properties are high compared to glass. The cutouts made in typical aircraft and automobile components reduce the weight and bulking load carrying capacity of the aircraft according to the weight reduction law. Three specimens were used to carry out experimental investigations as per ASTM D5766 in the universal testing machine. We have analyzed and compared the results of the stress concentration in the rectangular specimen with a hole using FEA

The importance and concept of smart learning resources in libraries, especially for mechanical engineering department is discussed. The awareness of smart learning resources and the opinions of respondents on variable like NPTEL Video Courses and LAN based Courses are analyzed. A survey of the proposed awareness on some of the reputed selected colleges in Andhra Pradesh has been presented.

Aluminum-lithium alloys used in the aerospace industry as structural components and strengthened by age-hardening. This study aims to improve properties of Al-Li alloys such as strength, behavior hot rolling and addition element, i.e. Mg and Cu to this alloy. Several tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of alloy, such as hardness, tensile, and microstructure by OP, SEM and XRD. Result showed that addition 3.2% Cu to base alloy improve strength from (62MPa) to (78MPa) when aging at 175°C.and improve hardness from (97.3 Hv) to (119.79Hv) At the same temperature. But the improvement is great when addition 0.6% Mg to base alloy improve tensile strength from (62MPa) to (124MPa) at the same time improved hardness from (119.79Hv) to (152.96Hv) at the same temperature

There has been a long time discussions on which costing systems are to adopted in the Indian Manufacturing Industries especially, the industries involved in Mechanical Process. Normally, it is understood that a lot many companies is in the Automotive Engineering Industry in the SME Sector are having their costing done in a traditional method without having much progress or knowledge in the new way in which costing is being done elsewhere. On surveying the literature, the author’s found a research gap that, implementation issues of ABC costing system by the Indian Automotive Engineering Industry of the SMEs need to be focused and studies need to be entertained. This study assumes significance due to high prevalence of SME’s, with significant concentration of automotive engineering industries, which confers a huge relevance to a study of this sort to make concrete suggestions.

The use of artificial fiber reinforced composites are widely used in many applications such as automobile, aircraft manufacturing because they are cost effective and offers high strength, and weight ratio compared to other composites with similar applications. In this work, epoxy was selected as a matrix material to prepare a composite specimens reinforced with UHMWPE fabric with varying layers. Composite specimens are prepared by varying the number of fabric layers and Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array method is used to study the Tribological behavior. The test specimen of composite material had been prepared using hand layup technique and the samples were tested for wear properties using the equipment DUCOM made pin on disc experimental setup. The weight was measured before and after the experiment is conducted. The effects of the Tribological operating parameters applied load, sliding velocity and sliding distance on the frictional and wear performance of UHMWPE fabric reinforced composites are demonstrated. Moreover, water absorption tests were conducted to know their effect over a period of time for both the aerial densities 200gsm and 240gsm of the fiber mats. It was observed that the wear response of the specimens is influenced by the applied load, sliding distance and the speed.

In the recent research activities, the nanofluids have involved a great deal attention since their superior report in thermal performance and many other applications. Now a days cooling process is a great challenge in most of the chemical process, Nuclear reactor, automobile radiator, micro electronics systems. To meet out this, a novel coolant (Nano fluids) was developed by choi.S.U.S 1995 at Argonne National lab. USA. In continuation to his work, water based alumina Nano fluids was prepared and applied in shell and tube heat exchanger to analyze the heat transfer rate. The same analysis is discussed with conventional base fluid of water and alumina nanofluid also this presents the characterization of Alumina Nano particle by means of XRD and SEM.

The analysis of the dynamics of development of the legal and regulatory status of the basic notions and procedures of the state system of ensuring the unity of measurements of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the period

Zinc oxide nanoparticle embedded in activated silica (ZnO-NPs-AS-Ai) as adsorbent with nano cube shape were synthesized from leaf extract of Acalypha indica via green method. Adsorbent were characterized using SEM, XRD EDAX and FT-IR. Exploration shows that the adsorbent is nano cube shape with an average size of 80 nm with elemental composition of zinc, oxygen and silica with Secondary amine at 2357 cm-1 and Olefinic compound at 1600-1450 cm-1. The percentage of As (III) removal was very significant at 0.03ppm with arsenic removal of 79.47 to 96.19% with 2g adsorbent dosage at a pH of 6 with a contact time of 60 min and at an agitation speed of 300rpm. Results showed that the adsorption process by ZnO-NPs-AS-Ai is monolayer chemisorptions. This research uses existing principles of green chemistry to combat agricultural land contaminated with arsenic (III) by bioremediation of water to prevent biological magnification

The article considers an alternative replacement of oil fuel for pyrolysis gas and biogas, obtained from household and industrial waste in the Republic of Burundi. Studies have been carried out concerning pyrolysis processing of both peat and solid agricultural waste from rice, sorghum, peas, beans, corn, as well as studies of the biogas production process from liquid waste from the palm-oil production mini-plant Kirekura-Muzazi in Bujumbura. Characteristics of liquid wastewaters from the Kirekura-Muzazi mini-plant were studied, physical and chemical parameters (pH, Alkalinity, DCO, DBO5, MES, MVS, total nitrogen, DCO/N, dry matter concentration, and humidity) were obtained. The composition of biogas produced from a mixture of liquid waste from a plant for palm oil production, waste slaughterhouse, cow manure and pig manure is given. Also the authors considered the possibility of reconstructing the diesel-electric generating unit of the industrial group “Regideso” for biomethane with replacement of diesel fuel, which will increase the service life of the engine, save diesel fuel, create sources of dual fuel, and improve the operation of the gas-diesel unit without buying special spare parts. Directions have been proposed to solve the problem of the shortage of primary energy sources in the Republic of Burundi, and recycling of city and industrial wastes will also solve environmental problems

Academic institutions depend more and more on electronic resources based on the advantages of electronic resources and application of information technology which has brought several services to the users. Consequently, the academic community has been enjoying the variety of services influenced by technology driven applications. The present engineering college libraries are subscribing different packages as per the AICTE as the management coming forward to subscribe the electronic resources for their libraries. The present paper content deals with usage reports of the e-resources journal of the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) monthly for last three years in GMRIT

Large-scale, complex, and dynamic radio frequency identification network planning (RNP) problem has been proven to be an NP-hard case. Meta-heuristic algorithms provide efficient techniques to resolve the problems of RFID Network Planning optimization that are not possible with the traditional techniques. The gradient of the RFID Network Planning objective function was recently used to improve the precision of global optimal solutions. This work presents a comparative study between the Gradient-Based Cuckoo Search (GBC Search) and Multi-Colony Global Particle Swarm (MC-GLOBAL PSO) in complex, and dynamic RNP network, Experiments are conducted on two standard RFID sets of benchmark data which consist of random topologies. The results of this comparison investigated the performance of the algorithm in terms of (1) maximum of tag coverage, (2) required number of readers, (3) and minimum interference between readers. The present method specifies the combined performance of the reader propagation area based on the evaluation of the tag density and location by using the Gradient-Based to manage the input representation of the Cuckoo Search .Simulation outcomes demonstrate the (GBC Search) technique outperforms the reference algorithms for designing RFID networks, in terms of optimization efficiency and calculation robustness, indicating that the GBC Search is suitable for solving huge dimension RNP problems

In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to study the performance of a parabolic trough collector (PTC). The proposed model consists of three parts. The first part is a solar radiation model that used to estimate the amount of solar radiation incident upon Earth by using equations and relationships between the sun and the Earth. The second part is the optical model; This part has the ability to determine the optical efficiency of PTC throughout the daytime. The last part is the thermal model. The aim of this part is to estimate the amount of energy collected by different types of fluids and capable to calculate the heat losses, thermal efficiency and the outlet temperature of fluid. All heat balance equations and heat transfer mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation, have been incorporated. The proposed model is implemented in MATLAB. A new nanofluids like Water+PEO+1%CNT, PEO+1%CNT and PEO+0.2%CUO where tested and were compared with conventional water and molten salt during the winter and the summer to the city of Basra and good results were obtained in improving the performance of the solar collector. The results explained both the design and environmental parameters that effect on the performance of PTC. Percentage of improvement in the thermal efficiency at the summer when using nanofluids (Water+PEO+1%CNT, PEO+1%CNT and PEO+0.2%CUO) Nano fluids are (19.68%, 17.47% and 15.1%) respectively compared to the water and (10.98%, 8.93% and 6.7%) respectively compared to the molten salt, as well as the percentage decreases in the heat losses by using the Nano fluids through the vacuum space between the receiver tube and the glass envelope compared with water (86 %, 76 % and 66 %) and molten salt (79.15 %, 64.34 % and 48.47 % ) . As final a Water+PEO+1%CNT nanofluid gives the best performance

In a business world, handling multiple tasks with multiple enterprises practically is common. Cloud manufacturing (CM) is one of the service oriented paradigm to support for handling multiple tasks and multiple enterprises at the same time. The service oriented cloud manufacturing integrates and distributes manufacturing resources, transferring them into service for manufacturing industries as a manufacturing service and manages the service centrally. In cloud manufacturing platform, cloud manufacturing allows multiple users to request multiple services at the same time access the task in parallel by submitting their requirements. In this paper we consider the Customer Order Scheduling Problems (COSP) in cloud manufacturing. Here scheduling plays dynamic role in cloud manufacturing since multiple tasks for multiple users become chaotic for computing in cloud manufacturing. Based on this idea, we worked on the process of Service Selection and Optimization Scheduling Problem (SSOSP) for Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises (SMMEs), which is an important issue in practical implementation on cloud computing. We adopted mixed integer programming problem with mixed composition structure for SSOSP. In mixed integer programming, cost, time and quality are the main objective with incorporation of transportation time and transportation cost along with manufacturing cost and time. Finding optimized makespan of this SSOSP, we used fuzzy based min-max rule algorithm. The experimental result shows the benefit of the proposed method and the result concludes that the proposed algorithm can obtain high quality achievement with reasonable computation time.

During the beginning of the course, an articulation matrix specifying the number of hours for each course outcome and the evaluation scheme for all outcomes were specified. Based on the marks obtained by students in first and second sessional tests, assignments and end semester examination, normalized value of course outcome attainment score were evaluated. Knowledge accomplishment of an undergraduate course has been analysed based on individual CO attainment through normalized marks for each CO – direct method / predefined rubric and conclusions were drawn on attainment of course outcomes.

Nowadays, piracy is not a concern of people working in maritime trade field only or a concern of particular country. In the trend of strong globalization in the current period, when commodity exchanges between countries around the world grow faster than ever, threats to maritime security are truly an international problem. The situation of piracy is always concerned because it directly affects the economy, the safety of people. This article assesses the status of piracy at “hot area” such as the Somali and Malacca Straits, thus analyzing the trend of activities and proposing timely action solutions to minimize piracy, ensuring maritime security in the region and global.

The present study investigates on the single walled carbon nano tube (CNT) based transistor and with comparative analysis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) as gate dielectric films. Structural properties of these gate dielectric films were analysed and reported. Array network of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) was formed as a channel in field effect transistor (FET) by drop casting method. At room temperature gate dielectric (ZnO and Al2O3) films were deposited by using pulsed laser deposition. Various electrical parameters were analysed for the fabricated SWCNT/Al2O3 and SWCNT/ZnO FET’s. The achieved threshold voltage (VTH), ION and IOFF are 0.6 Volts, -2.88mA and -2.19mA was observed for CNT/Al2O3 FET and 0.2Volts, -2.19mA and -4.99mA was observed for CNT/ZnO FET respectively.

There is a sufficient level of raw materials, material resources and material technical base, as well as human resources for the development of textile and light industry. The objective of the study is to increase the efficiency of textile production through the development of tools and methods for controlling the structure and properties of packages. The study considered the classification of these properties and their characterizing performance. A new classification of geometric, general and special properties is proposed that affect the design parameters of the winding mechanisms and the course of the production process. Existing methods and means of controlling the shape of textile packages are also considered. Mechanical, hydraulic and optical methods of controlling the structure and shape of the package are analyzed. It is established that the structure of the winding affects the quality of the packages on subsequent process transitions. For this purpose, a winding structure analyzer is proposed for controlling the winding structure

Inevitable depletion of mineral reserves involves search for the new alternative sources of non-ferrous metals, in particular, noble metals. Chromite ores in dunite, conventionally treated as refractory materials, are considered to be a prospecting feedstock of platinum group metals. Studies were performed on platinum group metals production as by-products for low-grade dunite ore processing. Gravity-magnetic flowsheet for dunite concentration allows to extract magnetic platinum-containing concentrate with high content of magnetite and platinum-ferriferous alloys. Reductive leaching in sulfuric acid medium was considered as advanced method of refining of magnetic platinum-containing concentrate from iron. Electrochemical studies of magnetite cathode reduction in sulfuric acid medium showed that magnetite rate of solution is increasing with potential shift to cathode region under increasing solution acidity and higher temperature. Kinetics of cathode process can be determined by electrolyte parameters and catalytic impact of cations of ferrous iron formed.

Machining is one of the unavoidable operation after the processing of any type of material. Because of the advancement in the technology and innovation in the materials area, the composite materials are replacing and occupying the traditional materials market rapidly. Among these composite materials, the Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite materials are found to be technically and structurally competitive and are widely used in a number of engineering industrial applications. The machining of these composites is found to be a complex phenomenon due to the influence of a number of machining and material parameters related to machining. Since drilling is the most frequently applied machining operation on composites, many research works were done on the drilling of composites, which resulted in numerous parameters that have influence on the drilling operation, impact on work material and cutting tool damage, cost of machining, material removal rate etc. So, at the background, it was thought to have a review on the issues related to drilling on the composite materials, which could help the manufacturing sectors and researchers in order to enhance the productivity. Thus the aim of this technical paper is to provide a detailed study of various issues related to drilling of FRP composite materials. This paper also comprehensively addresses the success and the failures of drilling operations, the factors associated with the drilling operation, their impact on the various output parameters. In addition, this review paper also discusses about the influences of a number of machining parameters and their influence on machining.

This paper presents modelling and control of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for a three phase grid–tied photovoltaic (PV) system by using a non-linear controller namely double integrated sliding mode controller (DISMC) to enhance MPPT and to stabilize the output power of PV system. The non-linear I-V, P-V characteristics of PV systems depends upon irradiation and temperature; causes difficulty in tracking maximum power. The PV system consists of a PV panel, DC/DC boost converter and a MPPT controller to generate pulses which are fed to converter for tracking maximum power. In this paper, the performance of DISMC-MPPT shown to be effective when compared to other controllers like perturb & observe (P&O)- MPPT, adaptive P&O-MPPT, sliding mode controller (SMC)-MPPT and integral SMC (ISMC)-MPPT. The presented DISMC-MPPT method is robust, provides quicker and steady tracking maximum power with respect to the other discussed methods and also performs well during any change in weather conditions. To validate the effectiveness, the mathematical modelling of all the above mentioned non-linear controller MPPT methods and their simulations are carried on Matlab/SIMULINK

In the study an attempt was made to know the different total quality management practices adopted by the selected manufacturing brick units and effects of it on the process thinking, customer satisfaction, employee commitment, strategic thinking, integrated system, decision based on facts, continuous improvement and effective communication . The elements of total quality management has been studied about the quality enhancement, increase in customer base, profitability and sales. The data was collected through primary sources as company records and field observations. The study was conducted to know more about the TQM practices followed by the selected manufacturing units. In those days they used to take more time for manufacturing the bricks and now the time maintenance has been able to manage. The company’s growth was realized only after adoption of TQM and it has been able to increase their customers. Dynamic thinking process was adopted wherein they were able to assess and give the changes that are happening in the market.so we can conclude by saying that total quality management has brought the considerable changes in the organization

Insolvency and business recovery practices are not at infancy stage in Nigeria, although it has not crystallized to a full profession as it is practiced in other relatively advanced climes. As the global financial sector evolves, the focus of modern insolvency and business recovery practices have shifted from winding up of insolvent oil companies to reorganization, restructuring of such companies and its operations to foster economic stability and financial propriety. But the case is the reverse in Nigeria, as liquidation is seen as the panacea to insolvency. The study evaluates Nigerian insolvency and business recovery laws to sustain modern businesses practices to prevent incessant corporate failure. Many jurisdictions are now overhauling their insolvency and business recovery laws to support business practices and to reform the gaps identified. The study conducts comparative legal and policy analyses of solvency and business recovery laws in Nigeria, Malaysia, India, South Africa, United Kingdom and United States. These countries were selected because their insolvency and business recovery laws are business rescue driven. The study is a doctrinal legal research that adopts a point-by-point comparative approach with library research method. The study finds that Nigerian law on insolvency seems deficient with regard to business rescue, turnaround and restructuring. It concludes that, regulatory agencies in the selected countries are more effective than those in Nigeria because of the political will of the governments of the former to successfully turn around insolvent oil companies, save jobs and protect creditors by optimising businesses through restructuring and business turnaround strategies. The study therefore recommends reform of Nigeria’s insolvency and business recovery law and practices in conformity with the global best practices on insolvent companies rescued and creditors driven strategies for healthy economy

A wickless heat pipe is fabulous warm exchange devices that their integration into warm exchangers has been appeared a strong potential for energy investment funds. In the present work, the performance characteristics of wickless heat pipe such as; thermal power, working fluids, variation of temperature with different powers, thermal resistance and heat transfer coefficient are being investigated experimentally. ethanol and methanol was being utilized as working fluids with filling ratio of 50%, with different thermal loads (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60W), and constant flow rates of cooling water (1 l/min). A copper tube of outer diameter of 22mm was fabricated as wickless heat pipe. The lengths of the evaporator, adiabatic and condenser sections are 500mm for each section. Within the tests, the temperature dissemination on the wickless warm pipe surface and the temperature contrasts of the cooling water were measured. The information were utilized to calculate the warm resistance and heat transfer coefficient for each analyzed working fluid; results are displayed graphically and examined in detail. These results demonstrated that ethanol is the working fluid that has the most excellent thermal performance.

The article outlines extensions to the model and algorithm of spyware detection procedures which, in particular, presents a potential threat to medical information systems. The approaches and solutions in this paper allow to programmatically implement binary file segmentation using discrete wavelet transform (WT). Unlike the existing approaches, the model and algorithm proposed in the article took into account local extrema of the wavelet coefficients (WC). The described solutions allow for analysis of potentially dangerous and spyware files the number of bytes, as well as the entropy for individual segments of files that are transmitted for analysis to the threat detection module. Additionally considered an alternative solution, in which the model was based on the procedure for analyzing the frequency of occurrence of file bytes in segments or the location of bytes in segments of the analyzed files. The wavelet transform was chosen based on maximizing efficiency for the analysis of spyware, that are potentially dangerous due to collecting confidential data in MIS. Experimental testing of the models was completed during the analysis of the keylogger file, as well as other spyware programs installed in medical information systems (MIS), that were not recognized as malicious by regular antiviruses. At the same time, during the experimental verification, the task was to minimize the requirements for computational resources on computers on which the MIS were running

A novel non-contact, fringe capacitance based sensor is proposed to measure the liquid level in process industries, to avoid the effects of hazardous liquids / chemicals. In practical situations, the sensors are required to be calibrated repetitively when the dielectric medium/dielectric constant changes owing to the fluctuations in the process/environmental parameters. This work deals with the design of low cost, noncontact, fringe capacitance-based sensor for monitoring multi threshold levels employing self-calibration feature. A sensor with Al electrodes is fabricated and interfaced with PLC-S200 through switching unit. The performance is evaluated with same liquid at four different temperatures which leads to significant changes in dielectric constants. The results indicate that the concept of fringe capacitance facilitates the feature of self-calibration. It is also observed that the PLC-S200 monitors the existing threshold level with lowest error varying from 0.408% FSO to 0.816% FSO.

The overall convection heat transfer coefficients for long horizontal rectangular fin arrays are low because the surfaces in the inner region are poorly ventilated. In this study, perforations through the fin base are introduced to improve ventilation with cold air from below the fin base. Aluminum fin arrays with length L= 380mm, fin height H = 38mm, fin thickness tf = 1mm, and fin spacing S = 10mm are analyzed experimentally and numerically using ANSYS 14.0 so as to obtain the temperature distribution along the fin height and fin length. In this work the fin array configurations are tested experimentally with two different heater input as 50W and 65W. The heat transfer coefficient for fin array with perforations in fin base increased by the enhancement factor of 1.49 and 1.42 as compared to fin array without perforation with 50W and 65W heater input respectively. The heat transfer coefficient for the same fin configuration is also increased with increase in heater input from 50W to 65W. Experimental and numerical results for the temperature distribution show a difference of 5-9%. The distribution of heat flux obtained with ANSYS 14.0 quantitatively follows the trend of the same reported in the literature review

It is widely accepted that lubricating oils play important role in determining the performance and the effective life in several industrial field. This work represents an attempt to compare the efficiency of Iraqi made oils (multi grade oil) with the important oils (American and emirate oil) at room temperature and samples used in this work chemical and mechanical tests were conducted ,Chemical composition analysis (EDS results showed that hardness of (A356) was carried out by tafelextrapolation corrosion rate (mpy) at RT. indicated that the weight loss was (70*10 test results in different oils at RT. gm) in steady state region 3 gm) respectively, at 80 ° 4.5*10-3gmcompared with 2*10-3gm)respectively. Finally viscosity plays a vital role to characterize

Substitution of cantrang fishing gear with other gears might give bad impact to the stability of the ship. But, catamaran boat type can improve the intended stability characteristics. The study was conducted using six variations of the catamaran hullform, namely symmetrical hull, asymmetrical straight inside hull, asymmetrical straight outside hull, which is each model has round bilge and hard chine variation. The study aims to find the lowest total resistance value. The hullform with lowest total resistance will be re-varied to 3(three) different types of fishing gear, namely cantrang, purse seine, and bottom longline for stability analysis. The result shows that the round bilge symmetrical hull type has smallest resistance with value of Rt is 8.81 kN at 8 knots. Based on IMO MSC.36(63), the result of stability analysis shows all variations of fishing gear meet the established standard

The practice of venture management has recorded success in the United States of America and India. This brought about the turn-around of businesses, both prospect and existing formal business operators in these nations. In the case of Nigeria, banks and other financial institutions have ended up providing advice to successful firms to acquire business organisation in distress and at times are the leaders in that particular industry, thus bringing about unemployment. It is of a note that entrepreneurs are the drivers of a nation’s economy irrespective of government practices. It is based on this premises that the relevance of transition from informal to formal entrepreneurship practices must occur for the existence of economic growth. To bridge this gap in literature, a comparative study on venture management practices and expected performance for practicing entrepreneurs in the informal and formal sector is required

An enterprise for successful competition on the market needs to carry out detailed monitoring of the company activities in strategic focus, increase the efficiency and effectiveness of management decisions, control the most important financial and nonfinancial performance indicators (KPIs) that are targeted for the company, and whose degree of achievement determines the movement of the enterprise according to a given strategy. The values of KPI reflect both the business performance in general and the business processes that are considered separately, structural units and human resources. The article proposed matrix method of optimizing the portfolio of products to determine the main KPI. Also, on illustrative practical examples authors suggest Strategic map (fragment) and KPIs matrices of the key employees of a company

The study of the relations between the arts can lead to the causes of the spread of a particular culture at a certain time in which it constitutes a technical development. The actor did not start appearing through the screen in a theatrical performance without accepting a year to collect the art of cinema with the art of the theater. The audience understands the language of the picture and belongs to its contemporary culture. The performance of the actor is cinematic in his performance in the cinematic theater, but this performance is different from the art of cinematography, the representative scene is not presented within the scenes of a film, and this performance is different from the art of theatrical representation, the representative scene is not presented on stage. The performance of the actor through the cinematic screen in the play is no less important in the play than the actor on the stage in the contemporary theater. The use of cinematic scenes in the play establishes a representative performance that is centered between the stage and the screen. In the combination of theatrical and cinematic performances, a frame of special artistic character characterizes the representation of features that combine the performance of theater and cinema

The main aim of this work is to use a robot in a typical cafeteria environment to deliver food from the main counter to the customer’s table, thereby acting as a mobile robot waiter. This study is essential in order to promote efficiency in serving food to customers. The robot uses an Arduino microcontroller to run a program with a combination of RFID technology, a line following module and an obstacle detecting system. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader is fixed on the robot itself, and reads the RFID passive tag which is placed under the serving tray. The RFID application allows the robot to identify the right table that is to be served and the robot moves to the respective table based on the tag. The uniqueness in the design of this serving robot is the application of the obstacle detection and collision avoidance, together with the integration of RFID technology. The findings from this research provide evidence that the robot is able to move according to the described path

In this Paper, surveys, application, and comparison of three types of artificial intelligence in machinery fault diagnosis: Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, and Artificial Immune Recognition System have been introduced. Selecting the correct features is the most important thing in training and diagnosis field and it is the core issue of this field, in this thesis, a trial is made to improve the accuracies of the three proposed methods by trying to select the proper features from time domain. The training is done by using the data collected from two-channel, horizontal and vertical in three cases first, both time and frequency domains are used as features input to the three proposed methods, secondly, using frequency domain only or thirdly, using part of the time domain features with frequency domain features; for two speed. All the three methods show excellent accuracy when training and diagnosis at same specific speed especially SVM, while the accuracy is low when diagnosis at a speed that differs from training speed. Also all the three methods give excellent diagnosis results when the applied load at the same speed of training speed.

Human resource is an asset to any organization and as a result training has become an issue that has to be faced by every organization. The main objective of this study was to determine whether training has an outcome on employee performance and organizational effectiveness. This study is both qualitative and quantitative in nature. In order to address the objective of the study, descriptive study design was used in which data was collected across a sample population through simple random sampling. Two hundred thirty-four (234) questionnaires were distributed for the collection of data and 223 were filled and returned back. The methodologies that were used to collect the data were questionnaire and interview augmented by different literature found in the organization. Results show that training and delivery style have effect on employees performance and also training design have positively affect the overall organizational performance, the organizations predominantly used on-thejob training method, though there is a trade-off between the two methods and less emphasis has been given to off-the-job training methods, the major challenges of human resource training programs of organizations are shortage of training materials, shortage of budget for employee training, absence of training needs assessment. Hence, it is better if organizations design a training program based on the need assessment result or the requirements of the job and employee deficiency of ability for the job in order to increase individual as well as the overall organization performance.

This research work aims at synthesizing two different types of moisturizers: a body butter and a lotion. Based on the methodology, three samples of the body butter and lotion was produced, by varying the percentage of zinc oxide and Shea butter, the samples were analyzed with a UV- spectrophotometer to determine the transmittance and absorbance strength which was in turn used to determine the SPF. Vaseline which is a standard organic lotion was also analyzed to determine the transmittance, absorbance strength and SPF. The results were compared. Of all the moisturizers synthesized in this research, the lotion which had 10% zinc oxide had the highest absorbance strength, and hence the highest SPF. Therefore, it was concluded that a minimum of 10% zinc oxide should be used in the production of sunscreen moisturizers to provide moderate sun protection

Emissions of motorized vehicles account for a cities. Vehicle growth exponentially significantly increases emissions, in addition to the condition of vehicle feasibility, traffic patterns, city planning that concentrates offices in the city is the cause of more air po of air pollutants sourced from motor vehicles namely CO cause respiratory tract irritation, NOx causes throat vessel reactivity in asthmatics. This study aims to (1) find out the types of motor the observation point and find out the types of motor vehicles that contribute the most emissions (2) estimate CO emissions from motor vehicles (3) estimate NOx emissi from vehicles motorized (4) estimating SO testing the regression and correlation of the number of motorized vehicles to emissions. The method used in this study is observation / observation, observational data is processed using a calculation formula accordi Minister of Environment No. 12 of 2010. Then the calculation data is carried out by correlation and regression tests

Quadrotor control is needed so that the quadrotor can float close to the stationary state. For that we need control techniques. One control technique that can be designed and implemented in quadrotor is PID control. PID parameter tuning using the Genetic Algorithm technique can speed up the manual tuning process. The weakness in the application of the Genetic Algorithm rule is that it often rejects important information found in other individuals and causes premature convergence, especially at the beginning of the generation. These problems can be overcome by using crossover and mutation rules with different probability levels according to fitness values and evolutionary processes. The results of the study using fast genetic algorithm techniques obtained constants Kp, Ki and Kd with the lowest rise time and overshoot, namely 0.010, 0.001 and 0.036 at the pitch angle. At the roll angle, they are 0.010, 0.001 and 0.03. At yaw angle 0.018, 0.006 and 0.043. Comparison of PID tuning simulations using fast genetic algorithm with genetic algorithm standards, shows that fast genetic algorithm has increased optimum generation achievement faster by 26.67% at pitch angle, 44% at roll angle and 20% at yaw angle. This condition has an effect on increasing simulation execution time, where fast genetic algorithm is 26.4% faster at pitch angle, 38.05% at roll angle, and 24.19% at yaw angle

Toko Rejeki Celular is a shop that sells a variety of telecommunications electronic equipment, one of which is a handphone. The store manager is required to be able to make the right decisions in determining the sales strategy. In order to do this, further analysis is needed regarding data from the sale of mobile phones and the needs of customers. The purpose of this study was to apply data mining techniques to the Rejeki Celular Shop in Merauke Regency. The results of the study are expected to provide information in the form of classifications of sales of mobile phones that are most popular with customers and are less popular (best sales and normal sales). The data mining method used is the decision tree method, where the algorithm used is the C45 algorithm. As for the attributes are the type of mobile phone, price range, battery size and screen size. The data sample used is 21 data which is the sales data for mobile phones for 1 month. The results of this study are in the form of a system built using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The highest factor affecting the purchase of mobile phones at Toko Rejeki Celular is the type of mobile attribute with the highest Gain, which is equal to 0.21687. The next factor is the price range attribute. As for the battery capacity factor and screen size it has no effect in producing a decision tree

The Human Development Index (HDI) is set by the United Nations (UN) as a measure of human development standards. HDI can also be used as a determinant of a country including developed and developing countries. HDI is formed based on three basic dimensions, namely longevity and healthy life, knowledge and decent living standards. The purpose of this study was to model the HDI with the Spatial Autoregressive Model, and determine the factors that influence HDI in each district / city in East Java, namely the average length of school, literacy rates, per capita expenditure, the percentage of poor people, and school expectations. The results of the analysis show that the average school years, literacy rates, per capita expenditure, and district / city school expectations in East Java significantly influence the human development index. The coefficient of determination is 0.9916, indicating that variations in HDI can be explained by the model of 99.16%, and 0.84% explained by factors that do not enter the model

This study aims to determine the process and barriers to local community empowerment that occur in the implementation of village fund program in the Naukenjerai District of Merauke Regency, by using a qualitative approach and systematically analyzed to collect, and analyze data in order to get a clear picture by conducting interviews with the District Inspectorate Merauke, District Government, Village Government, Community Leaders and Religious Leaders. The research was carried out in the Naukenjerai District of Merauke Regency, Papua Province. The results showed that the process of community empowerment as a whole has not gone well except women empowerment, village development programs still have projects that are not carried out in accordance with established regulations and priorities, monitoring and evaluation have not run optimally due to the limited apparatus and assistants involved in the project.

In the present investigation the corrosion measurements were carried out in 5% NaCl aqueous solution, 2.5% HCl. solution for predetermined time intervals and varying percentage concentrations of HCl solution at room temperature. Kinetics of corrosion effect on samples of Al-Zn alloy, Al-Zn –5wt% flyash and silicon carbide particles and Al-Zn –10wt% flyash and silicon carbide particles as reinforcement in composite are studied

The purpose of this paper is to calculate the cooling load in frozen shrimp cold storage, calculate the performance of the vapor compression cycle including mass flow rate, compressor power, and COP. This study uses a theoretical design method. The design of cold storage for shrimp commodity, with the capacity of one container, will be calculated how much cooling should be given so that the maximum cold storage efficiency is obtained. Design data obtained from observations in the field. When the research was conducted in April 2015. The calculation results show that the Refrigerant used is Refrigerant 12 (R-12), Cooling load = 14.3022 TR = 50.254 kW, Shrimp product = 12 tons = 12,000 kg, Cold storage temperature: 10 ° C, Superheated: 5 ° C, Sub cooled: 5 ° C, refrigerant temperature in the condenser: 35 ° C, refrigerant temperature in the evaporator: 5 ° C, condenser pressure: 0.80 MPa Pressure in the evaporator: 0.40 Bar and COP: 4.76.

The article presents a conceptual model of a network engineering platform that provides commercialization of R&D between the environment of knowledge generation (universities, research institutes), the environment of their technologization (industry) and equipped environment of development catalysis (venture funds and Agency organizations). On the basis of the analysis, a model of a network engineering platform was created, which connects research with production and is aimed at rapid commercialization and bringing the results of scientific and technical activities to the market.

The world today is undergoing a drastic change in terms of emotional capacities of people around us. We see a huge number of people suffering from mental imbalance, depression or many other types of emotional in competencies. The exposure of the people to media, social media has increased the vulnerability of people very much. There is a tendency to portray one’s best self in front of others which only reflects the positive aspect of one’s life. This action affects not only the person who is presenting self but indirectly also the people you watch them on social media. People with low esteem tend to get affected by the people around them and start comparing their lives with those they are socially connected to. Thus, there are already a lot of unsaid and unexplained pressures present in our day to day lives. Emotions therefore have a huge impact on each and everyone’s lives. They affect directly as well as indirectly. Directly they affect one’s own self-awareness with respect to what and how they feel and how well can they take charge of their emotions and indirectly they affect the other people they interact with and deal with in their personal and professional lives. Handling and dealing the emotions in professional lives is the key to professional success especially in professions where the major dealing is with people. Healthcare is one such profession and physicians and nurses as well as other healthcare providers are the professionals who need to carry out their duties while dealing with people as they are their touch points of services to be rendered to. It therefore becomes critical for physicians to have a high level of emotional quotient in order to deal with people who are suffering from different ailments and to handle their as well as emotions of self while providing clinical advice. Physicians need to show high levels of emotional intelligence in addition to high level of clinical expertise in order to provide higher patient satisfaction. Developing effective communication with their patients, understanding their need and making them

As rich spatiotemporal dynamics are exhibited in the human brain, it is quite complicated in nature. Sudden electrical disturbance of the brain occurs in a temporary manner and it causes epileptic seizures. Seizures may be sometimes confused with other events and sometimes it may even go unnoticed. Prediction of occurrence of an epileptic seizure is quite difficult and it is very difficult to understand the course of action. To analyze this widespread disorder of the brain, Electroencephalography (EEG) is used. It is indeed one of the best techniques to probe the activity of the brain and it is highly useful to diagnose the neurological disease. Tons of information is obtained by the EEG monitoring system and analyzing it visually is quite difficult. Therefore, the dimensionality of the EEG data is reduced with the help of dimensionality reduction techniques like Mutual Information (MI) and Matrix Factorization (MF). The values reduced through dimensionality reduction are then classified with the help of Linear Layer Networks for the classification of epilepsy from EEG Signals. Results show that when MI is used to reduce the dimensionality and classified with Linear Layer Networks an average classification accuracy of 96.60% is obtained. When MF is employed with Linear Layer Networks an average classification accuracy of 97.47% is obtained

Administering Interdenominational Competency class is a very common problem. Mostly, if not all, Language Classes contain students of mixed competency. This happens for a number of reasons, but mainly because of different learning styles, learning speed, variation in motivation, and very frequently as a result of logistic decisions as most solutions to the problems depend on cooperation between the members of the class. Co-operative learning may be the most thoroughly researched instructional method in education and rapidly growing body of research supports the effectiveness of the approach. Cooperatively taught students tend to have better and longer information retention, higher grades, more highly developed critical thinking and problem solving skills, more positive attitude towards the subject and greater motivation to learn

Some company that has has not yet been able to follow up on the future architecture in the EA. This study aims to design and make prototypes application based on TOGAF the correlation between EA and SOA to based application using Enterprise Service Bus (ESB Management (BPM) tools. The research sample is an EA document finance company in Jakarta. The results of the study show t EA and SOA can be realized as a prototype of a SOA executed.

The challenges of crime prevention in today world are increasingly complex and require new technologies that can handle the huge amount of confidential data generated through different sources. Cybercrime is an important issue for research as it affects many mainstream sectors such as defences, social media, government, industry, private, military and scientific sectors. etc. Internet criminals use distorted or hacked data to capture their actions. The development of the unpredictability of digital interventions requires efficiency specialized and judicial examination. The cybercrime rate is increasing and challenging the investigative personnel. Crimerelated data is increasingly being generated nowadays and is often digital in nature. At present, data generated cannot be efficiently handled using traditional analysis techniques. Instead of using traditional data analysis techniques it would be useful to use big data analyses for this massive data. This paper will examine the analyse of such data that were generated largely using big data analyses to provide their analysis groups to the artificial neural network which in turn produces a crime prediction pattern. So The police department can use the prediction pattern to allocate its resources in order to reduce the crime rate

Al-Mg-Si alloy is most preferred material by scientists and engineers for seeking wide range of industrial applications as its strength can be easily enhanced by cold working, grain size refining, precipitation hardening and dispersion hardening. Demand for the use of Al-Mg-Si alloy is growing rapidly because it has unique combination of properties, which make it as one of the most versatile engineering materials. In the present study, attempt has been made for systematic investigation on to know the implication of age hardening parameters like, Solutionizing Time, Aging Temperature and Ageing Time on tensile strength of Al-Mg-Si alloy using Taguchi’s Design of Experiments. A linear regression model is used to predict the response. The derived results indicate that, the aging temperature and time has imperative impact on the response whereas, solutionizing time does not have a significant effect. For a definite group of parameters, the Ultimate Tensile Strength enhanced from 154 to 210 MPa, leading to an improvement by nearly 40%

A wet locust bean seeds (Parkia biglobosa) dehulling and washing machine was developed to reduce drudgery attached to traditional dehulling of the seeds which are processed for use as condiment and flavours’ for food in many African countries. The machine consisted of dehulling and washing units, the dehulling mechanism obtains its drive from a 0.38 kW gear motor of 30 - 50 rpm. The dehulling shaft; has rods arranged concentrically to break seed coat and radial fan - like blades used as stirrer. The dehuller cum washer was evaluated based on boiling time of the seeds on an electric cooker. The result indicated that efficiency of the machine increased linearly with increase in boiling time. The throughput capacity decreased with increase in boiling time and moisture content decreased with increase in boiling time from the sixth hour. Dehulling efficiency ranged from 59.7 to 68 %, and cleaning efficiency ranged from 83.4 to 87.4 % while average throughput capacity was 108 kg/hr.

In India the pace of online users has been faster with users being more comfortable to buy online for apparels, footwear and fashion accessories when compared to other countries (Forrester research)1 and the consumers are becoming more mature by passing time.On the other hand business to consumer e-commerce has also shown a major growth in the GDP from the year 2009 from 0.13% to 0.21% in 2017 as percentage of GDP in India (The Statistics Portal) and expected to touch 0.24% by end of 2018.A number of business today have gone online from the traditional stores not just to sell online but also for various marketing strategy. For consumers who want to shop online the platform well known for e-commerce is business to consumers (B2C) which includes online shopping for all their needs. This study was conducted to analyze the shopping patterns of millennials when to comes to the clothing brands online the study was conducted in Bangalore city covering the age group of 23-35 year youngsters and the study indicated a significant relationship between the buying behavior and the factors influencing the young buyers to buy the clothing brands from the online portals. The study was exploratory in nature covering important variables identified.

In literature of time series prediction the autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA) models have been explained clearly. This paper using the ARIMA model, elaborates the process of building stock trend predictive model. Published data of stock price obtained from National Stock Exchange (NSE) during the period from Jan-2007 to Dec-2011. The results obtained revealed that for short-term prediction the ARIMA model which has a strong prospects and for stock price prediction even it can be positively compete with existing techniques.

Manufacturing is a key infrastructure element needed for smooth operations of any countries economy. Indian manufacturing sector is currently in the development stage that changes quickly and change the way they operate in the past. Enterprise Resource Planning provides one of the most significant factors or contributing factors to the integrated environment utility. The success of ERP implementation depends on some key convention factors, often referred to as CSF (Critical Success Factors). Some of these factors do not matter what the business area or domain is, it is common, but some of this factors are definitely the industry related specific factor in nature. The current research study is based on the search for such kind of industries, namely (manufacturing industry and distribution operations) specifically for the accomplishment of ERP implementation.

Landmines are one of the earliest & deadliest devices used in military to destroy enemy targets. Mines are deployed in various terrains and hence the extraction of mines could be a challenging task. Under such circumstances, an Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) with a rocker bogie mechanism would be able to accomplish the given task. Hence, a UGV with rocker bogie mechanism has been designed for the purpose of landmine extraction. The designed UGV is driven by two motors. One motor mounted to the wheels is responsible for the linear movement and the other is responsible for the steering. The rocker bogie mechanism is a six wheel standard design which acts as the suspension system that works in tandem with the differential and helps in rolling and maneuvering of the UGV in all terrains. The robotic arms and end effectors are designed for the extraction of the land mine. The End effector has two tools viz. drill bit and robotic grip. The drill bit helps in drilling all around the mine and the grip picks up the mine from the pit. The UGV is designed based on various design calculations and modelled using Autodesk Fusion 360 Software. The 3D model is further analyzed using Ansys Workbench software by simulating the various loads acting on the critical joints. At the end of the study it was found that the designed model did not prove any kind of failure during the simulations.

Finance is the life-blood of any business. In the early times every entrepreneur’s motive was to earn profit and expand the business. But in the present scenario, the survival of any business depends highly on the growth of the firm’s stakeholder’s. Today majority of the organization suffers from huge business loss due to the wrong decision taken in managing the financial resources of the firm. The study of Financial Management helps the organizational managers in making the right decision in procurement, allocation and distribution of returns to the shareholders. Likewise a women entrepreneur must understand the various risks involved in fund management. She has to take a right decision regarding fund financing firms at lowest interest rate and easily payment options, better investment opportunities prevailing in the economy and the means of earning profit and distributing the same if the firm has more employees. This paper revolves around the various problems faced by women entrepreneurs in procuring finance to run their business. The study was carried out in Salem district, Tamil Nadu (India).

Effect of Solution heat treatment on microstructure and "pitting corrosion "of the austenitic stainless steel (316 L) is actualized.Agreeing to "ASTM (G71-31)" a figure of samples for corrosion inspection were prepared with the dimensions of (15 * 15 * 3) mm then divided into sets and heated in electrical furnace at (1060C )for half hour some of them were quenched in distilled water and the other quench by distil water with (PVA)which added at different percentage(0.3,0.5,0.7,0.9%)gm/liter . Microstructure of all specimens were examined also the corrosion conduct using simulation body fluid. Results of microstructure examination show appearance of many phases. The corrosion rate of all specimens which subjected to solution heat treatment was higher comparing with the corrosion rate of base alloy. Solution heat treatment in distil water and in distil water with high percentage of PVA (0.7, 0.9) contributed in increases in corrosion rate but when decreases the percentage to ( 0.3,0.5) the corrosion rate was decreased due to the increases in cooling rate .

The Six Sigma is an innovative, systematic, data-driven methodology for improving processes that reduce waste and defects/errors. The dynamic measure within Six Sigma is the number of defects and identifying the causes for variation. The variations are agile that creates uncertainty in delivering the desired outcome. Service organizations are offering services at a predetermined level stated in SLA. This paper attempts to standardize, reduce variation in offering service quality through identifying the causes of variations in the project operations by establishing specifications. The study shows the deviations among the projects teams. Analysing the time-variation in resolving the problems encountered in different projects, variation in the projects lapsed the delivery content within the SLA. Results after introducing process capabilities and online auto-triggering system enabled, variation in resolution times dropped. Team members were redeployed to other projects thus time-variations is controlled with multiple business opportunities

The wireless telecommunication system of hybrid free-space optics (FSO) utilizes a transmission medium of free space to transmit data at high bit rates. However, it is exposed to various effects of noise in different weather conditions. This paper investigates on compensation for atmospheric turbulence in optical communication systems of 10-channels spatial division multiplexing (SDM) over FSO link under different weather conditions based on linear Gaussian filter (LGF). The performance of a 10-channel transceiver system is evaluated in an SDM-FSO link under the clear sky, haze, and rain weather conditions based on Gaussian filter at the receiver. Furthermore, the simulated system has transmitted 100 Gbit/s up for a distance of 12 km FSO in superbly very clear weather condition. Moreover, it is also transmitted 100 Gbit/s up for a distance of 4.2 km FSO during heavy rain and up to 1.1 km distance

The aim of this research is to understand the consumer behavior, attitude and usage purposes of organic products in their daily life. The researcher was adopted survey method to collect responses from 100 organic product consumers residing in Chennai city of Tamil Nadu. The empirical results indicate that nine dimensions of usage purposes of organic products were explored and the entire organic product consumers covered in this survey are significantly classified into two groups such as, high users and moderate users based on their attitude towards organic products consumption. To conclude, consumers are advised to use more organic products due to health concern, and environmental concern

Determining watershed priorities is one of the critical aspects of developing natural resources around us. Morphometry is one of the natural parameters that form the characteristics of a river catchment area and could be used for determining it. Morphometry has three parameters such as linear aspect, relief aspect, and areal aspect. The linear aspects consist of stream order (U), stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb), mean stream length (Lsm), stream length ratio (Rl), mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm). Relief aspect consists of basin relief (Bh), relief ratio (Rh), ruggedness number (Rn). Areal aspects comprise drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), texture ratio (T), form factor (Rf), circularity ratio (Rc), elongation ratio (Re), length of overland flow (Lg), constant channel maintenance (C The purpose of this research is to analyze morphometry parameters of Serayu Bogowonto river basin of the sub-watershed priority determining. This study aims to calculate and analyze characteristics of the sub-watershed of Serayu Bogowonto river basin based on morphometry parameters using GIS and analysis for the watershed priority. The data utilized in this study is the river network data published by Bakosurtanal, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 30x30 ASTER GDEM then data analysis is using Geographic Information System (GIS) technique with ARC GIS 10.1 The prioritization based on morphometry analysis that is seven sub-watershed with high priority, four sub-watershed with medium priority, six sub-watershed with low priority

The implementation of the Russian Federation state policy covering the national, regional and local levels, is designed for socio-economic impact through state programs of the Russian Federation. The message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of March 1, 2018 states that the development of Russia and long-term growth can provide priority projects “in spatial development, investments in infrastructure, education, health care and the environment, new technologies and science, economic support measures, promotion of talents, youth”, as part of government programs aimed at financial support of a new quality of life and innovative development, modernization of the economy. Achievement of the set strategic targets is possible due to the increase in the effectiveness of public spending by adopting organizational, financial and methodical measures to improve the system of financing state programs, including by encouraging the attraction of private investment in government projects.

Friction Stir welding is a solid state joining process of using without any filler material. In this work, two base materials likely Al-MMC’s are used namely Silicon Carbide and Zirconium di-Boride are used. Hardness Rockwell Value and Tensile Strength Tests are evaluated to the various tool material respect to Al-ZrB2 and Al-SiC. Threaded Cylinder Tool made of the materials likely OHNS, HCHCr, H13 are carried out in the process with D/d Ratio are used. The process is carried out with three different tool materials and two different base material mainly aluminium reinforced Zirconium diboride (Al-ZrB2) and Silicon Carbide (Al-SiC). The Micrograph of each four zones for the tool material and base material is shown. This paper mainly focusing on which the tool material shows a maximum tensile and hardness value for two base materials

This paper investigates the a few demographic factors affecting the decline of Total Fertility Rate. It is based on survey conducted in Kovvada region, Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. According to GIS information the study area divided into three zones with 5km, 15km and 30km radius distance from the Nuclear Plant situated in Kovvada labeled as core zone, Buffer Zone - I and Buffer Zone - II covering 153 villages. Data were collected from 11297 household through pre designed questionnaire in these zones and entered CAPI using DESOFT software and analyze. Children ever born and children surviving data used to estimate age specific rates. Association between education level and fertility rates have been established by applying chi square. Results revealed that 61 percent women were illiterate and TFR 2.7. The TFR range 2.7 to 3.4 in all three zones high and there is significant association between fertility and a few demographic factors like occupation and education level of women. It may be inferred that literacy rate of female and women age groups are the most imperative components influencing TFR. Which proved that the existence of some kind of dependency between level of education and total fertility rate.

This study have been done to investigate the characteristics of the fishing boat using PVC pipe material with variations of hullform that have the smallest total ship resistance, and good ship stability that meets International Maritime Organisation (IMO) standards. The method used in this study is to creating 3D modeling with variations of hullform and the fishing gear type. The smallest total ship resistance and good ship stability values are obtained on the flat model no.2 with displacement volume of the boat 22.48 m3. The resistance of the boat is 10.1 kN with ship powering is 46.55 kW at 9 knots. The stability of the ship in flat model no.2 with different types of fishing gear meets the IMO standard, but the smallest GZ value is obtained when using longline fishing gear.

In recent days people are dependent highly on transportation and the demand for quicker modes of transportation are increasing day by day. Technological advances in the areas of roadways, airways and waterways have led to development of faster and efficient vehicles which has largely contributed in connecting people across the globe. This study deals with finding the effect of different forces acting on Ground Effect Vehicles. Initially three different tail models were considered and modeled in CATIA and then imported to ANSYS for further analysis. It was observed that the higher pressure at tips is a result of the shape of the GEV and it causes drag, since it is opposing the inlet flow. Lift is generated due to difference in pressures between top and bottom surfaces of the wing, which is a consequence of velocity difference. The pressure at top is much lesser that than bottom of the GEV, so lift is also generated. However, it was found from L/D ratio that V tail displayed higher response for the considered process parameters and boundary conditions.

Foreign Investment is an important activity in order to improve economic growth and prosperity of society. It needs to be supported with legal instruments that can guarantee and protect the investments. The formation of legal instruments is strongly affected by the economic and political interests of the country, therefore sometimes it goes against the principle of legal certainty. By using normative jurisdictional research methods in this study, the Author will discuss about the principles and concepts used by the government to establish a policy on foreign investment.

The composites are fabricated by reinforcement of various fibre composition of short natural fibre into polylactic acid (PLA) by compression moulding. Untreated pineapple (UPAL) and treated pineapple (TPAL) fibres are used as reinforcement material to prepare composites of 10%, 15% and 20% fibre loadings. Tensile, impact, flexural and morphological characteristics conducted on different fibre loaded UPAL/PLA and TPAL/PLA composites. Tensile strength has increased to 40.78% and 44.33% for 10% fibre loaded UPAL/PLA and TPAL/PLA composites respectively. A similar increase in tensile modulus of 20.8% and 11.47% for 20% fibre loaded UPAL/PLA and TPAL/PLA composites respectively. The significant increase is noted for the flexural strength and the flexural modulus of UPAL/PLA and TPAL/PLA composites. Impact strength increases with increase in fibre loading. Ductile fracture is noticed in UPAL/PLA composites, while brittle fracture is inferred in TPAL/PLA composites from the SEM images.

The governance, risk and compliance services (GRCS) of an organization helps to govern the strategies, manage the risks, mitigate the problems identified, and to comply with the rules, regulations, policies and procedures of the organization. The study deals with the investigation of the process of a paper mill. Internal financial check audits are performed, using a risk matrix to consolidate process inefficiencies and gaps. Interviews conducted identify the employee related problems. The standard operating procedure (SOP) are compared to the benchmarks followed in the industry and recommendations are provided to improve the processes. The audits conducted identified non-compliance in the areas like manufacturing process, regular medical tests of employees, delay in the payment of provident fund, workers who have worked without taking required amount of rest and excess disposal of waste. The GRCS framework designed through the current investigations helps to comply with all rules, regulations and policies in paper manufacturing industry. The non-compliance could be avoided in advance before the statutory bodies by training the workers regarding the various policies and procedures of the organization.

The major problem of archipelago communities is the storage of seafood that depends on a particular season. In order for seafood to be preserved for long periods of time then, it should be frozen using air blast freezing. However, the existing air blast freezing is still on an industrial scale. Therefore, the aim of this study is simulation of the two-stage cascade refrigeration system model, validation and evaluation of the model with experiment data. This research was preceded by a design for the two stage cascade refrigeration system R22/R32 followed by experiment to obtain operational parameters which will then be validated and evaluated of the components of this cascade refrigeration system. The results of this research are design, operational and analysis methods to determine parameters and specifications of air blast freezing components including: pressure of system, cooling temperature, compressor power required, cooling load and evaluation required for its performance to be better

The purpose of this paper is to design reference architecture for intelligent personal learning environments (PLE). This research effort is a result of a multi-stage approach. First, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with software development practitioners working in a large technology and communications services provider company. Interview content has been evaluated using thematic analysis. Second, reference architecture for intelligent personal learning environments has been designed and validated using the Software Architecture Analysis Method (SAAM). During SAAM evaluation, the output of the first phase and previous Personal Learning Environment literature reviews has been used. As a result, we demonstrated a novel architecture for personal learning environments. Proposed personal learning architecture has met the requirements of industry demands and previous literature.

For years, the Machine Learning community has focused on developing efficient algorithms that can produce very accurate classifiers. However, it is often much easier to find several good classifiers based on dataset combination, instead of single classifier applied on deferent datasets. The advantages of using classifier dataset combinations instead of a single one are twofold: it helps lowering the computational complexity by using simpler models, and it can improve the classification accuracy and performance. Most Data mining applications are based on pattern matching algorithms, thus improving the performance of the classification has a positive impact on the quality of the overall data mining task. Since combination strategies proved very useful in improving the performance, these techniques have become very important in applications such as Cancer detection, Speech Technology and Natural Language Processing .The aim of this paper is basically to propose proprietary metric, Normalized Geometric Index (NGI) based on the latent properties of datasets for improving the accuracy of data mining tasks.

The authors provide a theoretical description of the system and propose a method for calculating the optimal directions of innovation management, which allows us to give a comprehensive assessment of the adopted innovative solutions and indicate the reasons hindering effective innovation activity. This research examines energy-entropic methods for evaluating the efficiency of production and management, as an effective method of managing innovation, mainly by optimizing the use of energy consumed based on the achievements of science and technology. The proposed entropic assessment of the state of the parameters of the production system provides the possibility of assessing the change in the state of these parameters by a single relative indicator and the synthesis of these estimates into a single economic image of the current production situation.

In the present study, coatings were deposited on CrC-NiCrFeSiBCoC(80%-20% )a Fe based SS316 steel substrate to reduce the damage caused by erosion boiler applications. Erosion studies were conducted on uncoated as well as HVOF coated steels. The erosion experiments were carried out using an air-jet erosion test rig according to ASTM G-76 standard at a velocity of 30 m/s and at different impingement angles of 30°, 60° and 90°. The HVOF spraying leads to a high retention of CrC in the coating matrix accompanied with lower porosity The high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) sprayed CrCNiCrFeSiBCoC(80%-20% )coatings on 316SS boiler tube steal exhibit composite ductile or brittle modes of erosion under angular alumina sand erodent of size 50
impacted at 30m/s. The HVOF spraying leads to a high retention of CrC in the coating matrix accompanied with lower porosity

The present work aims to investigate the distribution of strains in incremental sheet metal forming process using different geometries. Four shapes were used to develop the strain paths: truncated cone, pyramid, dome, and circular generatrix are formed in incremental sheet forming process. The difference in strain paths depends on the difference in the geometric shapes of the formed parts. Circle grid analysis was used to obtain strain paths along the parts. Strains distribution was evaluated by circular grid system (CGS) where a pattern of a small circle was electrochemically etched on the sheet. The sheet is deformed during forming and the deformation of the circle is measured and analyzed to explore the behavior of strains distribution in incremental sheet metal forming. The curvature of the part is a large or plane wall the strain mode is plane strain stretching and became biaxial stretching or uniaxial tension with the rotational symmetric surfaces.

Surface quality of a workpiece is one of the most important criteria for the evaluation of a grinding process. Surface finish depends on many factors such as grinding and dressing parameters. This paper presents an optimization of grinding parameters when grinding tablet by CBN grinding wheel on CNC milling machine in order to minimize surface roughness. The experiment was conducted with different values of grinding parameters at three levels. Using the Taguchi method, the effect of the grinding parameters i.e., depth of cut, grinding wheel speed, and feed rate on surface roughness was investigated. In addition, the optimal grinding parameters were found at their optimal levels. The predicted surface roughness was therefore determined.

Steels for machine manufacturing can be hardened through thermal treatments. In the quenching treatment is possible to use different substances to improve mechanical properties, in particular hardness and probably the wear resistance. As quenching media, the water, water and salt solutions, polymer solutions, vegetable oils and mineral oils are commonly used. In this work, vegetable oils (vegetable blended, soybean, canola and sunflower) and mineral oil (10W30) were used as an alternative of quenching media to study the performance of the hardness and the microstructures obtained. The quenching treatment was carried out involving heating at temperature of 850º C and keeping inside electric furnace for 50 minutes to achieve homogeneity in the internal structure. The quenched was carried out at room temperature using each vegetable and mineral oils. The results showed that use of vegetable oils is a good alternative as a tempering substance. The results showed that vegetable oils have a better performance than mineral oil, as they allow to reach hardness above 40 HRC and generate high strength and toughness microstructures. Among vegetable oils, Canola oil allowed the highest hardness and the microstructure with the best presence of bainite

Currently, structurometric methods of analysis play an important role in information support of monitoring in nature management and geological exploration. Any kind of spectroscopy implies the availability of software for obtaining and processing the results of research. This article is of an overview and analytical nature. Software products are considered that are used to process the results of spectroscopy or are potentially suitable for analyzing the results of the relevant studies. The article presents an overview of software applications for processing the results of spectroscopic studies developed over the past few years. The main directions of software modernization for this type of research have been described. A comparative analysis of the most widely used software of domestic and foreign developers has been carried out. The main properties, advantages and disadvantages of software applications have been presented. Based on the comparative analysis, a conclusion has been made about the possibility of applying particular software functional for spectroscopic studies in the structurometric analysis in geology.

Cooling towers are the major industrial part for heat rejection in petrochemical industry, oil refineries, chemical plants, thermal power plants and HVAC systems for cooling structures. The fan is a mechanically forced-draft used to extract the heat accumulated in the flowing cooling water components and the fan blade is a very important part of the towers. Failure of fan blade leads to low productivity, high cost of replacement and maintenance of cooling tower fan blade in service. This paper presents a review on failure mode and material availability of cooling tower fan blade

In this work the impact of the tidal wave on pollutant residence time within Nador lagoon has been computed using an Eulerian approach and a 2D hydrodynamical model. The model is based on the finite volume method; it solves the shallow water equations on spatial domain that represents the Nador lagoon. The residence time has been defined through the remnant function of a passive tracer released inside the lagoon. The renewal capacity of the Nador Lagoon has been investigated when forced by the astronomic tide. The influence of tidal wave on residence time has been defined by the return flow, and computed for two scenarios during winter and spring periods

Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) is one of the important dental materials used in dental clinics, which is usually used in temporary restorative stages. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adding Al micro particles to GIC powder (Riva self-cure) on the mechanical and physical properties.The results showed that the addition of Al micro particles has improved the compressive strength and biaxial flexural strength where the highest values were at 3 wt. %, and then the compressive strength and biaxial flexural strength decreased with increasing the added ratios. The addition of Al particles improved the surface Vickers microhardness values where the highest value was at 5 wt. %. The addition of Al has decreased the wear resistance of GIC; however the wear resistance increased with increased adding ratios. The most acidic beverages (the lowest value of pH) were the most effective in increasing the absorption and solubility percentage of Al samples. Orange juice was more effective followed by cola and then coffee and tea were less effective. We recommend that patients reduce these acidic beverages because they have a harmful effect on dental fillings

In Nigeria, plantain chips are in high demand and this demand is not being met by most small scale food industries and shops due to some critical factors. Shops are only able to fulfill approximately two-thirds of the demand. The biggest obstacle towards attaining self-sufficiency in the production of plantain chips is the intensity of labor involved and the tediousness of the process which often culminate into prolonged production time. Plantain has a large amount of sap and this causes the skin to adhere to the fruit inside. After peeling, they must be sliced into discs to fry into chips. Worker will hold up to eight plantains in one hand and rapidly slice them using a wooden mandolin. Because of the rapid pace at which they slice plantain and the absence of hand gloves on the workers, accidents are very often unavoidable. These presents health hazards to both the worker, who may develop infections from their injuries, and customers who may consume an unsanitary product. This development is very uncomfortable and tasking on the workers. They must hold the mandolin over the fryer so the plantains will fall in, which causes splashing of the boiling hot oil that occasionally hits and injures the worker. This research focused on design and fabrication of motorized / power operated plantain slicer to meet the raising demands for plantain chips in Nigeria. The objectives of this research was met as the machine has the capacity to produce plantain chips of uniform size in shorter time and a greater slicing efficiency of up to 96.84% while keeping the cost of the machine at an affordable price

A simple unstructured finite volume scheme is used to solve the two-dimensional shallow water equations (SWEs) for simulation of dam break flows over irregular beds involving wet and dry interfaces. In space, we construct a balancing higher order upwind scheme on unstructured triangular mesh to approximate the convective and source term due to bed slop. We improve the scheme to treat the cases of flow over dry beds. For temporal derivative approximation, a second-order explicit Runge-Kutta is used. We apply the scheme for several theoretical two-dimensional numerical experiments involving dam-break flows with moving wet-dry fronts over irregular bed topography. Promising results are obtained

The machining process is essential in the manufacturing industry. Among the all machining process, turning is the broadest techniques used to remove the metal. In this machining process, metal removal rate was influenced by the sharpness of the cutting tools. Due to the friction between the workpiece and the tool insert, tool wear occurs. After the wear takes place, the efficiency of the machine will be reduced and metal removal time will be increased. Hence, it is essential to investigate the behaviour of the tool wear under the machining. This investigation is to analyse the wear characteristics of the tool inserts. The machining of the EN8 was examined in this research using silicon carbide tool inserts and Titanium nitride coated tool inserts. This research was investigated the wear behaviour of the silicon carbide tool insert, and titanium nitride tool insert in machining of EN8 steel using a horizontal machining centre. The wear of the inserts was measured using toolmakers microscope. The flank wear and crater wear was considered in the tool wear measurement

There are myriads of variables responsible for youth unemployment problem particularly in Nigeria and other developing countries. Consequently, it is necessary to obtain comprehensive data on the variables to blame for youth unemployment to chart direction for further research and provide guide for stakeholders on the pathway to solving the problem. Factors accountable for youth unemployment problem were abstracted from literature and presented. Frequency distribution of the factors causing youth unemployment based on researches unproven opinion showed that, fast population growth, rural to urban migration and lack of employable skills and experience among the youth are predominantly factors to blame among other variables. Thus, the information provided suggest direction from where to start addressing youth unemployment problem by stakeholders and policy makers while further research is required to pinpoint the primary causes of the problem with proven evidence.

Magnetic thrust bearing is a device which is used to support the object by controlling the magnetic field. Permanent magnets or electromagnets or both are used to produce magnetic field. The type of magnetic bearing discussed in this paper is a single acting active magnetic thrust bearing. A prototype magnetic thrust bearing is made to study the thrust capability. The measured values of force are compared with theoretical values. A leakage factor is estimated. The experiments are done at different air gaps from 1mm to 5 mm in steps of 0.5 mm. The variation of leakage factor is plotted at different air gaps. An attempt is made to find the optimum air gap between the stator and rotor of AMTB.

The study investigates the effects of turbulence flow of molten metal on the walls of the runner and the mould cavity during pouring via simulation approach. Effects of temperature, solidification time, shrinkage porosity, thermal modulus, hot spot formation and interfacial heat transfer coefficient were simulated under turbulent flow condition. Turbulence kinetics and flow properties which include velocity and viscosity were equally simulated. The result of temperature simulation showed an ideal variation of temperature distribution during flow and in the cavity. Molten metal at liquid state was observed to vary from 654.7-636.0 oC and became solid at 473.3- 492.0 oC for a total simulation time of 169.5838 seconds. Consequently, at higher pouring temperature, diffusion of heat into the walls of the mould will occur due to the momentum of flow thereby leading to erosion of the mould content. In addition to this, velocity and viscosity of the molten metal was found to have effect on the turbulent kinetics. Thus, this simulation technique will help the foundry industry in improving the gating system design by studying the defects associated with turbulence flow and incorporating filters to remove the inclusions in the gating system

Radiation originates from anthropogenic, primordial, and cosmogenic sources. The impact of radiation through anthropogenic and cosmogenic sources is negligible to the environment while the primordial radioactivity is widely distributed in the earth and its environs. This radioactive material and its Byproducts are found mainly in diverse geological formations around us. Inadequate access to public water supply in Abuja has forced more than 80 percent of the population of about 5 million to drill private boreholes. Nigerian drillers are unaware of high concentrations of radioactivity present in granitic rocks which vary with depth. The radioactivity of 226Ra as well as 232Th decay chains for the lithological rock samples could be at equilibrium considering the age as well as the isotopic mass proportion which is assumed to be equal to its natural isotope. Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is adopted for this study with the aim of minimizing sample size as well as less counting rate in order to estimate the radioactivity concentration in rock samples. Two boreholes are drilled in Abuja in order to randomly collect the rock samples from three different layers of each site. All the samples were duplicated for each radionuclide examination, resulting to twelve samples in all. The results showed that the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the two sites were in the order 232Th > 226Ra > 40K. 226Ra and 232Th possess activity concentration greater than the world’s average while 40K activity is less than the world’s average. The radiological risks estimated showed that more than half of the parameters used nearly exhibited greater values than the global average values. It is, therefore, concluded that Abuja is underlain by rocks of low potassic value. If the drillers do not take caution about the geologic formation of the subsurface and apply necessary precautions before the commencement of any borehole drilling, over – exposure to these -radiation may pose unquantifiable health risks to them

The dynamics analysis of the commercial enterprise profit was carried out. The main activities of this enterprise are business process automation, software sales, cash register equipment and expendable material sales. The structure of profit distribution during the reporting period was described. The main directions of profit optimization in the planning period were found out and characterized according to the analysis of factors which influence the level and dynamics of the commercial enterprise profit

The problem of managing the R&D sector sustainability in Russia is of particular relevance in terms of scaling external and internal challenges faced by the country. Such challenges require an even greater intensification of the efforts to solve the problems accumulated in Russian economy and innovation system and associated with the state transition to new technological way. A key criterion of R&D sector competitive sustainability is the creation of practice-oriented and relevant results of intellectual activity. Correlation analysis of innovative activity indicators in developed countries over the 2007-2015 revealed a pattern of two-fold excess of export licenses over the amount of public investment in science. This dependence is crucial in the study of competitive sustainability within R&D sector. The method of assessing the efficiency of public spending on R&D, including an analysis of the dynamics of the growth rate of performance indicators and their financing in case of R&D completed in the period is proposed as the main management tool of R&D sector competitive sustainability.

The aim of this research is to define the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and to understand the linkages between WBS and man-hours development for Shipbuilding Project. The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is the best tool to simplify the complexity of the project and this research will define the complete and accurate WBS of a Hull Ship since it is an important and critical activity in every shipbuilding to estimate the project schedule, cost and labour man-hours. The methodology will involve latest literature review related to Shipbuilding WBS and man-hours estimation and a suggestion will be made for the best method of WBS and man-hours development. Implication from this research will assist Project Manager and Project Team to develop an improved project schedule planning method, which be utilized during project management to identify the best WBS and project man-hours. This also will lead to cost reduction in terms of man-hour optimization when the proper tasks and activities are clearly defined during WBS development

The discrepancies between the estimated quantities of building materials and the final quantities used during the construction process requires the need to use more accurate techniques in estimating building materials. The study aimed at developing an android-based estimating app for builders on construction sites with the view of increasing accuracy of estimated building materials. The study was carried out in two stages, whereby one part required a survey to ascertain existing practices while the other helped to develop the android application. A survey research design was utilized on Builders in Lagos state in the south-west of Nigeria. Mean scores and correlation matrix was used for the descriptive and inferential statistics. For the design of the android estimation application for Builders, an android studio and Java programming language was used in developing the app. The developed android app was run via the android emulator. The descriptive data revealed that most of the techniques presently used by builders in estimating building materials were traditional methods which were drawn from either manual-based or use of experiential knowledge. Using these techniques were hinged on several factors as identified in the study. An android-based estimating app was developed for Builders with the aim of estimating for concrete works, sandcrete blocks, ceramic tiles and mortar during the construction process. The study recommended the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in obtaining accurate building quantities needed during the construction process

In this paper, the drift and volatility parameters of a stock option are modeled via ItoRentability function based on Dow Jones Industrial (DJI) Average indices. The stock exchange data of DJI span between November 17, 2015 to April 6, 2018 involving daily data with 600 sample size. The stock price basic moments viz: expected value and volatility are derived in the sense of Ito stochastic dynamics. It is noted that the proposed models will be of immense importance in financial and production engineering, likewise other areas of applied, and management sciences.

A big task often faced by practitioners is in deciding the appropriate model to adopt in fitting count datasets. This paper is aimed at investigating a suitable model for fitting highly skewed count datasets. Among other models, COM-Poisson regression model was proposed in this paper for fitting count data due to its varying normalizing constant. Some statistical models were investigated along with the proposed model; these include Poisson, Negative Binomial, Zero-Inflated, Zero-inflated Poisson and Quasi- Poisson models. A real life dataset relating to visits to Doctor within a given period was equally used to test the behavior of the underlying models. From the findings, it is recommended that COM-Poisson regression model should be adopted in fitting highly skewed count datasets irrespective of the type of dispersion.

Dating back in time, drowning has been a significant ground for death worldwide; it accounts for the third cause of unplanned death globally, with about 1.2 million cases yearly. Characteristically it affects swimmers, accident victims, children and recreational seeking individuals. Although there have been various provisions put in place from drowning in some countries, it still accounts for the primary cause of unplanned death. Eradication rather than cure has been able to minimize the number of individuals who drown generally, except in developing nations, who lack adequate educational facilities and enforcement of safety measures on the dangers of drowning, thereby making the burden of drowning to escalate. The proposed drowning rescue system aims to curb deaths from drowning by observing the rise and fall of the heart rate and blood pressure of a swimmer or non-swimmer in water and if endangered, sends signals from the wearable device attached to the wrist of the victim who maybe undergoing a neardrowning experience to the receiver or rescuer who could be a lifeguard, parent or neighbour, in order to enable the rescuer render immediate help

Research trends are tending towards sustainability in construction and project delivery is drawing the interest and attention of great researchers. This review work in trying to get better understanding of the research area and presents current research trends in the area of research in sustainability and construction and project delivery from 2003-2017. This review is done through thorough analysis of 50 published research papers by different authors retrieved from Google Scholar, and Science Direct online databases in the field of sustainable construction project delivery. All the analysis conducted covers the researchable areas, the countries that have been frontiers to the research, the research approaches, the tools for data collection and analysis and the contributions of authors relating to identified areas and identification of main authors contribution and lastly the prediction of possible future researchable areas relating to the field of sustainability and construction in delivery of projects. The results of this review identified seven researchable areas relating to sustainability and construction in project delivery. Further results revealed that literature review, interviews, semi structured interviews, industry surveys and content analysis were the main approaches adopted for carrying out research work while research data were collected mainly through questionnaires, interviews, and site observations. Discourse analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were the major methods used in analysing the data collected although the use of software is also trending during research on sustainable construction project delivery. Jiang Zuo, Bo Xiang, Cheng Sien Goh and Steve Rowlinson are researchers who were identified as part of those who have contributed enormously, with some other following suite and breaking grounds in research work in the field of sustainable construction project delivery. However there are still areas like the climate and its effects on sustainable construction, BIM in sustainability and Lean applicationsin construction project delivery, management of waste in construction policy development for sustainable construction project delivery, user awareness and perception of sustainable construction project delivery and training for construction professionals on sustainable construction were identified as researchable areas that can draw attention of new researchers for future research as it relates to sustainability in project delivery

The development of Megalithic culture in Malaysia is said to have begun since the time of Metal. The megalithic found in Pengkalan Kempas History Complex is categorized as unique as it is engraved and carved in various forms such as the shape of the sword, the blade, the steering wheel and also the stone carved with the Arabic word "Allah" in jawi letters. The megalithic site in Negeri Sembilan is likely to exceed 200 sites. The objective of this paper is to discuss the previous studies that have been done by previous researchers associated with megalithic sites in Negeri Sembilan. This study used written materials in the library whether books, journals or seminar papers and so on. The results of this study showed that there various community perspectives about the megalithic stones. Among these is the concept of live rock which is the existence of various rituals, offerings or worship, extraordinary confidence, a sense of honor and so on

Crude palm oil is one of the mainstays of Indonesia exports. In the midst of intense competition vegetable oil producing countries in the world, Indonesia must have international competitiveness which is strongly supported by the technology in order to achieve a sustained competitive advantage. The major purpose of this paper is to examine the direct effect of technological resources to international competitiveness and sustained competitive advantage as well as measure the mediating effect of international competitiveness in the relationship between technological resources and sustained competitive advantage. For these purposes, an empirical survey was conducted with the active participation of 82 palm oil industries in Indonesia. In addition to the survey, in-depth interviews were conducted to follow up the quantitative results. On the basis of path analysis with SmartPLS, technology resources had positive and significant effect to sustained competitive advantage. This study suggests the importance of technological resources in achieving sustained competitive advantage on the part of palm oil industries in developing countries

This article evaluates particle board using corncob (CC) particles and mixing it homogeneously in varying percentages 20%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 80% with sugarcane bagasse (SB) using Urea Formaldehyde resin as adhesive. Particleboards of 100% SB and 100% CC were also made, thereby making seven different compositions. Properties of particleboards produced such as density, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity were investigated. The densities of particleboards ranged from 400 Kg/m3 to 620 Kg/m3 . The results of the tests also show that the particleboard with 50% CC and 50% SB using equal volume of adhesive had favorable physical properties that are recommendable for indoor uses in buildings. In contrast, the panels cannot be recommended for load bearing purposes because they exhibit poor mechanical properties, but these mechanical properties tend to improve as the composition of CC increased from 40% to 100%. The MOR and MOE results obtained in this research work lead to a conclusion that the mechanical properties of the panels were improved as the percentage of CC replacement increased but possessed poor physical properties. Within the experimental investigation and possible limitations

Background: In this study, the Component of normal exhaust system such as muffler or silencer shell, perforated tube, spiral resonator design have been carried out by SOLIDWORKS and a Finite Element Approach have presented for modeling and analysis of muffler noise developed at different locations as well as temperature distribution over silencer. The main objective of this study was to simulate and investigate the performance of a general muffler by simulation and experimental technique. Methods: In order to minimize two-wheeler noise, testing were carried out in a Bajaj pulsar two wheeler by redesigning a spiral resonator andperforator tube which is capable of attenuating noise level by about 7 dBA (Decibels). Results: The results obtained from simulation that as the distance increases from inlet of silencer the sound pressure level decreases gradually. Conclusions: Obtained results shows a significance decrease of sound pressure level about 7 dBA from existing silencer to new designed silencer

In this study, kinetics of demineralization of chitin extraction from snail shells was investigated. Chitin was extracted from snail shells by demineralizing the deproteinized shells in 1.2 M HCl solution. Prior to demineralization, the raw snail shells were deproteinized using 1 M NaOH solution to remove proteins and organic matter present in the shells. The product was dried before the demineralization process was carried out. The results showed that based on the R2 values obtained for each of the shrinking core models considered which include; fluid film diffusion (FFD), ash layer diffusion (ALD), and chemical reaction control (CRC), it was noted that the CRC model was prevalent for all the various range of particle sizes analyzed (6.3 – 4.75 mm, 4.75 – 2 mm, 2 – 1 mm, and 600 – 300 µm). The surface morphologies and the Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) bands of the extracted chitin were similar to previous studies.

This paper investigates the impact of perceived risk and perceived legislation on ecommerce acceptance. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 666 come-toclaim customers of top 4 e-Commerce organizations. Hypotheses were tested using Hierarchical Regression Analysis. The results revealed that perceived risk and legislation have significant effects on e-Commerce acceptance. The study expanded the application of theory discussed in this study which allow for contribution to the theorizing of e-commerce adoption by substituting behavioural variables with internet security variables to the already established UTAUT model. The paper recommends that government should provide a regulatory framework to drive the e-commerce sector

In this investigation, Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) biodiesel, hydrogen and ethanol (BHE) mixtures remained verified in a single cylinder direct-injection diesel engine to examine the recital plus discharge features of the engine. The engine stayed verified at supreme force and rapidity of 1500 rpm. The ethanol remained supplemented 5%, 10% and 15% correspondingly through enhanced CNSL as well as hydrogen functioned twin fuel engine. The consequences designate that while associated through well-ordered diesel and biodiesel-hydrogen process, the recital and discharge features of ethanol mixtures obligates upgraded. The brake thermal efficiency upsurges somewhat through 10% ethanol mixtures and nope noteworthy enhancement by advanced ethanol mixtures. The exhaust gas temperature and NOx release augmented by 10% ethanol accumulation. Through greater proportion of ethanol in the biodiesel hydrogen (BH) mixtures the HC, CO releases might upsurge. However the routine of 10% ethanol might diminish the HC and CO releases equally. Overall the BHE mixtures ensure greater NOx discharges, associated by biodiesel and diesel energy. Throughout the BHE mixtures offers lesser HC, CO, as well as greater NOx release associated through the well-ordered diesel fuel. Nevertheless the embellishments of added ethanol thru BH mixtures require no substantial enhancement in the recital discharge and stages

In this project, experimentation is done on Vapour Compression Refrigeration System [VCRS] as the COP is high for this system and it is the present trend of the HVAC in the domestic industry. This study presents investigation of best suited refrigerant and insulation combination for gas pipeline and liquid pipeline of a split air conditioning system. Analysis are performed for R22-Chlorodiflouromethane, a HydroChloroFlouro Carbon refrigerant, which has been using in the present world that cause both global warming and ozone layer depletion and R410a, mixture of di-flouromethane and pentaflouroethane, a Hydroflouro carbon refrigerant, which is future of HVAC which reduces the effect of ozone layer depletion [ODP] and Global Warming Potential [GWP].For these two refrigerants, we had found out the best insulation suitable as insulation also affects the COP of air conditioner, which has been observed from the literature. Minimizing the temperature of refrigerant in suction line helps condensing unit work more effectively intern the system performance increases. This reduces the overall power required for working of air conditioner, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of system. Also, it helps the manufacturer to provide best type of insulation for the system at reduced cost thereby reducing overall cost of VCRS.To perform the experimental comparison, 16 tests were carried out for 5 times with each refrigerant Insulation combination. From analysis it is observed that, COPA for NRF+AF gives highest value for R22 and R410awhen compared to various insulation materials. Power required for VCRS is greater while using R410a than R22. So In this work the main energy parameters such as COP and work required for compressor are analysed and discussed.

Reservoir simulation is a very wide science. The main advantage of making a simulation model is to predict the behavior of the case reservoir and treat all the problems that may occur before occurring in the real reservoir. In this paper we took a section model with certain area and depth. Remodeled it into three different layers vertically and keeping the areal gridding the same to compare the water cut and behavior. The comparison point used was the waterflooding pattern. The pattern used was line drive using one producing well to one injection well. The injection wells were placed on the same line of the production well. The water saturation behavior was also observed. The resulted behavior was very similar which indicates that the models with the same properties and same areal gridding will endure the same water behavior no matter how many vertical gridding it has within same depth.

It conforms with enlarging the network lifetime of WSN with the aid of the help over Fusion PEGASIS end to end including Sink Mobility (HPSM). To prolong the community whatness about wireless sensor is affected via a multi-head link, multi-link concept, afterwards the lie depressed mobility by way of HPSM. To obtain environment friendly electrical energy bad regarding wi-fi sensors, we propose Hybrid PEGASIS using Sink Mobility (HPSM). In this approach, the cell fail has trajectory direction which is a specific predefined path. When be ruined observed its trajectory direction with total concerning period it stays or series about facts is referred to as like sojourn time. Our proposed algorithm follows the trajectory route afterwards yet guarantees regarding fulfilled collection of data. We boost an algorithm because the trajectory about mobile sink. The evaluation over HPSM collectively including SEP suggests namely stability, then community rapid animal increased

Permafrost is a very complex ground for foundation. Predicting the stability and reliability of constructions in a rapidly changing climate is impossible without predicting the temperature condition of permafrost soil. Stabilization of permafrost soils on local object is provided with a considerable margin, due to the use of ventilated cellar, thermopiles and monitoring systems. On linear objects such as pipelines, laying above the ground or the use of thermopiles is a very expensive engineering protection method. Therefore, the pipeline is laid underground with the use of ring insulation. Thawing of permafrost soils leads to significant uneven vertical deformations of the pipeline. Therefore, the accuracy of predicting the temperature of the permafrost is a priority problem. Underground pipeline laying is accompanied by excavation and backfilling of the soil. In this case, the structure of the soil is destroyed, the density is decreased and the water content is increased due to mixing with snow and penetrating of precipitation. The article presents the results of a numerical experiment of influence of excavation to the temperature condition of soil. Soil loosening and filling the empty pore by water significantly increases the average soil temperature of plastic frozen soil (the soil with annual average temperature in the interval of the most intense phase transformations). Thus, the stability of constructions is determined not only by their impact on the permafrost, but also by changing the structure of the soil during excavation

An investigation was carried out on the effect of the use of a parabolic baffle at different baffle cuts on the performance of shell and tube heat exchangers. The numerical study was performed on a personal computer with 12 GB RAM and Intel® Core™ i7 2.50GHz CPU using a CFD software Comsol Multiphysics. The modeled heat exchanger had 37 tubes, shell internal diameter of 200 mm, 6 baffles with baffle spacing of 100 mm. The results from the effect of mass flow rate and baffle cut on heat transfer rate and pressure drop in the shell side of the heat exchanger were compared with the circular segmental baffle cut of 25% and that of the parabolic baffle cut of 25 and 30% of the inner shell diameter. At 25% of the shell diameter baffle cut, the parabolic cut had an improved heat transfer rate compared to that with the circular segmental baffle cut with a drawback of higher pressure drop. As the parabolic baffle cuts increased, there was a decrease in heat transfer rates and pressure drops at the various mass flow rates considered. At 30% of shell diameter cut, the performance of the parabolic segmental baffle cut gave results similar to the circular segmental baffle cut at 25% of the inner shell diameter. The investigation showed that for a parabolic baffle cut, 30% of the shell diameter is recommended for optimum performance..

Carburization is a thermo-chemical treatment generally employed to enhance the surface (wear) properties of low carbon steels. The recent carburization studies also focus considerable positive impact on bulk properties like tensile strength and toughness. In view of these observations, the present study focuses on mechanical properties and microstructure of carburized steels. Accordingly, the commercially available three types of case hardenable steels like plain carbon (EN 3), alloy steels with only ferrite stabilizer (20MnCr5) and with both ferrite (Cr) and austenite (Ni) stabilizers (EN 353) were initially normalized to standardize the room temperature structure before carburizing and machined to ASTM standards to prepare the specimens. The machined specimens were gas carburized using carburizing furnace for 2.5 mm case depth and furnace cooled. Tensile and hardness tests were conducted before and after carburization. The plain carbon steel displayed slight reduction in tensile strength and the steels with alloying elements increased the tensile strength considerably. It was also found that Ni and Cr restrict the grain growth and increase the strength of steel even in furnace cooled condition. Microstructure analysis of carburized steels revealed markable impact on the type and distribution of room temperature phases. The carbon content in the case was nearly 0.8 wt. % after carburization and hardness increase in the surface ranges from 130 to 170% as that of its original hardness. The combined effect of Ni and Cr also improves hardenability

This study was conducted to review the effect that simulation training programs for emergency situations involving newborn babies have on nursing students’ clinical performance. Opportunities for nursing students to clinically practice what they learned are on the decrease. Even if they take part in practice, they are usually limited to simple tasks or observation. Given this reality, there is an urgent need to develop new measures to improve their clinical practice ability. The low fertility rate that is worsening over time and the difficulty in operating an intensive care unit for newborn babies has led to a decrease in such departments, leading to difficulties experienced by a number of universities in allocating clinical training venues. After conducting a survey on the needs regarding training themes in the nursing of newborn babies, simulation training programs would have to be developed based on themes where the needs are the highest

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that a higher education institution allows for the implementation of innovative research based on its own development and management of intellectual activity. In order to determine the possibility of managing innovative developments, it is advisable at the university to integrate the system of intelligent control and form an innovation management body. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time in the domestic practice a question is being investigated regarding the intellectual management of higher education institutions as well as the forms of integration of innovative activity. Higher education institutions in various countries allow us to determine how innovative forms can be implemented in a managerial aspect, depending on the capabilities of the university and its technological focus. Each of the participants in innovation requires constant monitoring and coordination of various bodies. In this regard, it is necessary to clearly understand how to organize a particular activity in the framework of interuniversity cooperation. Methodologically, the article is based on the study of historical and theoretical experience, as well as a set of parameters, which are determined based on the general conditions for the formation of management decisions. The practical applicability of the article is revealed in the direction of the activity to increase the share of innovative products, both technological and intellectual, in the practical activities of the university.

Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process is most widely used in industries for fabrication works, due to higher productivity. The weld quality depends on the process parameters of GMAW. This research investigates the influence of process parameters affecting the mechanical properties of weldment. Thus, identification of the GMWA process parameters that significantly affect the quality of GMWA processed parts is more important in terms of productivity. Then process environment has been assumed consisting of four variables like welding current, welding voltage, shielding gas, gas flow rate and wire feed rate. Taguchi optimization technique has been applied to determine the optimal limits, which can maximize the GMWA quality in certain environment. Signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) were calculated for each data and used to obtain the optimum level of every input parameter. The study also shows that the use of the Taguchi Method has productively enhanced on the existing process parameters.

This paper relates the best practices in Log preprocessing in Petrophysics which are necessary to have a good model for Facies and Permeability. The well-logs which were used for the Electrofacies modeling and permeability modeling consist of Gamma-Ray(GR), Bulk Density Porosity(RHOB) Neutron porosity(NPHI). Meanwhile, the model distinct type of facies consists of sand, Shaly sand, and shale. Precise Electrofacies sorting was accomplished by the Multi-Resolution Graph-based Clustering (MRGC). The improvement in the Logs from the Well-X1 after undergoing pre-processing like Log Normalization, Compaction Effect Removal, Fluid Effect Removal returned the logs to their natural states and were used as input into MultiResolution Graph-based Clustering (MRGC) model to produce better output Facies and Permeability when compared to the Output which did not undergo preprocessing. These practices can be utilized to validate very good Facies and Permeability Models

Wind energy is natural and renewable like solar energy; it is an inexhaustible source. Morocco, like many other countries in the world, is embarking on a new strategy aimed at improving its production of electricity from non In this article,

Self-confidence can be improved by repeated learning so that over time it will form and become accustomed. Sociodrama techniques can train one self-confidence abilities, because there is role play to play someone who has good self-confidence.

Medical tourism is a term to describe the rapidly across international borders travellers include elective procedures as well as complex specialized surgeries. 50 countries have identified medical tourism healthcare revenues upward of US$3.3 trillion health care is world’s second largest business after retailing.

An attempt has been made to simulate flow through an 820 check valve by using CFD. with different flow velocities. The pressure drops ( (V) are used to determine t obtained analytical values of “K The computational analysis has been carried out at five different disc angles of check valve i.e. for 54° (fully opened)

According to the results of the Russian Finance Ministry assessment of the quality of financial management of the managers of the federal budget, including process and outcome indicators of financial activity as part of the state programs « Education Development », « Science and Technology Development», the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2017 occupied the 26th place. The relatively low financial and managerial statements of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation activity concerning government program funding are caused by deficiencies in methods and tools for managing budget expenditures, and it is proved by Russian Audit Chamber’s findings concerning the ineffectiveness of financial expenditures in the «5-100» project. In this way the relevance of the research theme is due to need for theoretical development of the conceptual construct, modifying the model of organizational and financial clearing for subsidizing government programs, adapting the algorithm for applying social bonds to the education and science sectors of the Russian Federation, justifying new methodological approaches and practical recommendations for developing the system for financing government programs in the domain of education and science.

Roundness error can be evaluated perfectly for the by product life after manufacturing, leading the major criteria in assembly errors and vibration control mechanisms. Components with round profiles must have to go for a quality check, different optimal techniques like Least Squares Circle (LSC), Minimum Circumscribed Circle (MCC), Maximum Inscribed Circle (MIC) and Minimum Zone Circles (MZC) are available internationally to validate the error variations in roundness. This paper focuses on roundness evaluation using nonlinear optimization techniques, for the manufactured components in Wire- EDM. The Computer Aided Inspection (CAI) procedures have gained a prominent role in the field of inspection and evaluation of the manufactured parts. In the recent years, the Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) have gained popularity in automated inspection for both online and offline inspection of manufactured components. Present comparison of practical components inspection by CMM with optimal methods

This project aims at a comparative study on Performance, Emission and Combustion characteristics of Biodiesel when blended with Barium Oxide nanoparticles in single cylinder DI Diesel Engine. Because of modernizations and increase in number of automobiles worldwide, the consumption of diesel has massively increased. As petroleum is non-renewable major source of energy and its reserves are scare now a days, there is a need for research in finding alternative fuels for automobiles. And also Bio diesels are renewable, nontoxic and eco-friendly fuels that can play an important role in automobile industries. And this paper deals with the transesterification of biological seed oil by means of methanol in presence potassium hydroxide catalyst. The viscosity of biodiesel produced from biological seed oil is nearer to that of the commercially available diesel. The biological seed oil is analyzed by Gas chromatography and the important properties of biodiesel such as density, flash point, cloud point, carbon residue are found out and compared with that of ASTM – biodiesel standards and commercially available diesel. The study encourages

Nanocomposites are materials fabricated from two or more materials with different mechanical and electrical properties. Combining these materials produce a new designed material with new and better properties differ from the individual components .In recent years nanocomposites have been developed and employed almost in all industries . The current study deals with fabricating a hybrid composite ( when there are a minimum of three materials , the composite is called as hybrid composite ) . Pure aluminum 99.6 % as the base matrix and Iron oxide Fe2O3 (alpha) and aluminum oxide Al2O3 (alpha alumina) . Fe2O3 weight percentage (wt%) is varied ( 1.5 , 2.5 and 5 % by weight ) and the wt% of Al2O3 is held constant (2 wt%) . The new designed nanocomposite was produced using Powder Metallurgy (P/M) method . This method has been widely used for fabricating aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) due to it is low costs and gives high accuracy as well as the ease of using . The matrix used was aluminum powder with an average particle size of (60µm) with 99.6% purity and Fe2O3 ( 99% purity and 30 nm particle size ) and Al2O3 with (99.5% purity and 14-20 nm particle size ) . The experimental results revealed that the microstructure images of composites showed uniformly distributed of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 in aluminum matrix . The maximum compressive strength (CS) and hardness (HV) are 152 MPa and 47.2 respectively in composite containing (1.5 Fe2O3 + 2 Al2O3 ) wt% . The improvement percentage was recorded to be 30% and 18.5% for CS and HV respectively . The electrical properties of the composites were enhanced due to addition the nanohybrid Fe2O3 + Al2O3 nanomaterials. The maximum conductivity was observed in composite including (1.5% Fe2O3 + 2% Al2O3 ) which is equal to 69521 ( ?O.m )?^(-1) while the zero nano exhibited 1170 ( ?O.m )?^(-1) . Also the conductivity for all composites are higher than that of matrix. The conductivity increased with increasing the frequency

Image steganography is to hide an image inside an image for security purpose. Different approaches were applied for image steganography some of them are based on spatial domain and others are based on frequency domain. Spatial domain steganography approaches are simpler because they do not involve applying any transformation to the image. In this article, genetic algorithm is presented for searching for the best locations to hide the image bits inside the image. The image can be embedded in an adaptive block inside the host image. Furthermore, the secret bits can be reserved and inverted before embedding in order to optimize the hiding performance measures. Results show superiority over the baseline approach with respect to all evaluation measures

In this researcha biomaterial additives were added to a polymeric materials to impr0ve the mechanical properties of the resultant composite,which can be used in bi0medical applications:as examplereplace or supplement functions of living tissues of human body. The present work is c0ncerned with study the mechanical properties (Compressive strength, Tensile strength, Impact strength, Wear resistance and hardness) for the resultant composite material. Epoxy was reinforced with < 75 µm of caw bone particulates. Three percentage of particles were used (5, 10 and 15) %, and the most effective addition was (10-15 wt. %). X-ray results showed that 71 % caw bone is calcium phosphate hydroxide (apatite). Also results showed that compressive and tensile strength of the resultant composite was increased by 18% and 24% respectively, as compared to as received epoxy. Hardness and impact strength of the fabricated composite also increased by 15% and 41% compared to the unreinforced epoxy. Wear resistance of the composite was improved pronouncedly through the resultant composite additions of bone particles, where wear rate decreased by 82%. Finally, the impact strength of the epoxy reinforced caw bone was increased by 41% compared to that unreinforced epoxy

In this paper the equation is derived theoretically connecting between the stress due to forming and nosing ratio. A theoretical study was performed on the conical nosing of the brass tube material at room temperature. The relationship between forming stress, nosing ratio of tube is concluded. ANSYS is used to simulated 5° and 10° semi-die angles in a conical die to observed the stress and strain distributions in the tube. The process has been carried out using brass tube with thickness 2mm under states of cold process of nosing samples with a radius of (20)mm and length (120)mm. A good match is obtained between the theoretical and the ANSYS results. It is noticed that the well die is conical die having 10° semi angle of die.

This article is about studying the microstructure of welding joint of dissimilar metals, stainless steel to low carbon steel that is thickness (4mm) for both by using the metal active gas (MAG) spot welding process. The welding wire (E80S-G) is used and have (1.2mm) diameter depend of (AWS), and Co2 gas was used as shielded gas with (7L/min) flow rate in all times used in this study. In this work, we select many samples from the welding joints from welding region and heat effective zone, these samples will change in there welding from the welding time, current and the wire feed. A different region that represents regions of joint interface between the two metals, and heat effected zone we noted that. The ratio of pearlite in low carbon steel more than in base metal and the ratio of ferrite is less than in parent metals. Furthermore, the microstructure of stainless steel has no change as compact with low carbon steel because most of heat concentrated in the low carbon steel.

This study reports exhaust emission evaluation for internal combustion engines laboratory of four-stroke, single–cylinder, water cooled system, in constant speed (1000–3000 rpm), SI engine. Exhaust gas emissions, carbon monoxide CO, unburned hydrocarbon HC and carbon dioxide CO2 emissions levels were estimated at many speed operation of the engine. The engine was operated with different types of fuel. It was observed that when the engine is fuelled by alcohol fuel, the volumetric ratio of the exhaust pollutants is minimum compared to the rest of the varieties of fuel and even when the catalyst converter is used

The new higher order function is reused [10] to study critical buckling load and natural frequency under initial stress of cross ply laminated composite thin and thick shell. The equations of motion are derived depending on ‘‘m’’ parameter, whose value is obtained to give accurate results when compared with 3D solution using Hamilton’s principle. These equations are solved using Navier-type for simply supported boundary conditions. The effect of various design parameters such as (thickness, orthotropy, curvature) ratio and number of layer for symmetrically and unsymmetrically simply supported laminated spherical shell have been examined and compared with other published results. It was observed that this theory gives results close to three dimension elasticity solutions and those obtained by existing shear deformation shell theories for buckling and vibration analysis

The modal analysis was carried out using finite element software (ANSYS Workbench 15) for below knee prosthesis (BKP). The prosthesis was modeled using specialized CAD software (Solidworks). The natural frequencies were calculated using the Block Lanczos method. The natural frequencies and mode shape were calculated and extracted for the tenth mode using modal analysis. The numerical results were verified experimentally for the first natural frequency. The first natural frequency was found to be (69.446Hz) and the experimental natural frequency was found to be (58.32Hz) that give a variation between the numerical value of the natural frequency to be (19.07%)